| 颜文博,王琦,王超.2015.应用Maxent模型分析秦巴地区朱鹮适宜繁殖地的分布.动物学杂志,50(2):185-193. |
| 应用Maxent模型分析秦巴地区朱鹮适宜繁殖地的分布 |
| Evaluation of potential breeding habitat distribution for crested ibis in the Qinling-Bashan region |
| 投稿时间：2013-10-22 修订日期：2015-03-05 |
| DOI：DOI: 10.13859/j.cjz.201502004 |
| 中文关键词: 朱鹮 繁殖地 Maxent模型 |
| 英文关键词:Crested Ibis Breeding habitat Maxent model |
| 基金项目:陕西理工学院科研计划资助项目(No. SLGQD13 -14) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 明确濒危鸟类的潜在繁殖地分布，对制定合理有效的保护对策十分重要。本文以朱鹮（Nipponia nippon）为研究对象，选取125个朱鹮巢址分布数据和9个环境因子，应用Maxent模型分析其潜在繁殖地的分布及主要影响因子。结果表明，海拔、土壤亮度、坡度、土壤绿度是影响朱鹮繁殖地分布的主要环境因子，其对模型的综合贡献值分别为38.1%、18.3%、16.4%和14.3%。朱鹮适宜繁殖地分布的最佳海拔范围是500～1 200 m；土壤亮度指数结果显示，适宜繁殖地的分布随着地表裸化程度的增加而显著减少；繁殖地的适宜度与坡度呈现显著负相关关系；土壤绿度指数结果显示，朱鹮繁殖地在中等程度的植被覆盖区域适宜度最高，低植被覆盖区域和高植被覆盖区域的适宜度都降低。当栖息地适宜度指数（habitat suitability index, HSI）阈值分别大于0.5、0.6、0.7时，研究地区内朱鹮适宜繁殖地的总面积分别是1 706.58 km2、955.88 km2、437.89 km2。本研究揭示秦巴地区适宜繁殖地的分布和面积可以满足朱鹮未来几年的自然扩散和再引入保护。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Understanding the distribution of potential breeding habitat of endangered birds is critical to formulating effective protective measures. The crested ibis (Nipponia nippon) had been critically endangered, and currently its population is rapidly recovering. A predictive breeding habitat distribution map of this species was estimated using the Maxent model with a total of 125 recorded nest points and 9 environmental factors. The distribution of potential breeding habitat and its relationship with major environmental factors were analyzed with Maxent 3.3. Accuracy of model’s result was evaluated with area under ROC (AUC). Importance and contribution to model’s prediction of environmental factor was evaluated with Jackknife. The distribution of suitable habitat was indicated with habitat suitability index (HSI). The habitat of HSI > 0.5 was considered to be fundamental suitable habitat for ibis, HSI > 0.6 was moderate suitability, HSI > 0.7 was high suitability. Results of Jackknife test showed that four variables including elevation, brightness index, slope, and green vegetation index had the greatest effect on habitat selection, with a contribution of 38.1%, 18.3%, 16.4% and 14.3% respectively (Fig. 2). The overall preferred elevations were 500 – 1 200 m (Fig. 3). The preferred lowest elevation was obviously lower than the value (800 m) of the former studies. Brightness index indicated that the area of suitable habitat decreased with degree of bare ground increasing. Suitable habitat was significantly negative correlation with slope. Green vegetation index indicated that suitable habitat was mostly distributed in the moderate vegetation coverage area (Fig. 3). Results showed 1 706.58 km2 of crested ibis breeding habitat of suitability threshold of 0.5 (955.88 km2 and 437.89 km2 for thresholds of 0.6 and 0.7, respectively). Larger suitable habitat patches (area > 15 km2, HSI > 0.5) were most distributed in the Yangxian county, Chenggu county and Xixiang county (Fig. 4). Area of suitable habitat for ibis was most in Yangxian county (491.24 km2, HSI > 0.5). It was also in the Chenggu county, Xixiang county, Nanzheng county and Ankang county that area of suitable habitat was bigger than 100 km2 (HSI > 0.5, table 1). It was in the Hanyin county, Mixian county and Shiquan county that area of suitable habitat was bigger than 50 km2 (HSI > 0.5, table 1). Results indicated that there was enough breeding habitat to satisfy crested ibis dispersing and reintroducing. |
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