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韩宁,罗磊,赵洪峰,赵雷刚,巩会生,高学斌.2014.陕西佛坪黑喉歌鸲的巢址特征和繁殖生态.动物学杂志,49(5):686-691.
陕西佛坪黑喉歌鸲的巢址特征和繁殖生态
Nest Site Characteristics and Reproductive Ecology of Black-throated Blue Robin ( Luscinia obscura) in Foping
投稿时间:2014-03-19  修订日期:2014-08-26
DOI:10.13859/j.cjz.201405007
中文关键词:  黑喉歌鸲  繁殖生态  巢址特征  陕西佛坪
英文关键词:Luscinia obscura  Reproductive Ecology  Nest Site Characteristics  Foping National Nature Reserve
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目)
作者单位E-mail
韩宁 陕西省动物研究所 mirrorning@163.com 
罗磊 陕西省动物研究所  
赵洪峰 陕西师范大学生命科学学院  
赵雷刚 陕西佛坪国家级自然保护区  
巩会生 陕西佛坪国家级自然保护区  
高学斌* 陕西省动物研究所 gaoxb63@163.com 
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中文摘要:
      2013年4~7月,采用样方法和直接观察法,在陕西佛坪分别对黑喉歌鸲的巢址特征和繁殖生态进行了初步研究。结果发现:黑喉歌鸲更倾向选择向阳、林冠稀疏、距水源较近的针阔混交林或针叶林下,秦岭箭竹丛林缘陡坡上的天然土洞内筑巢;巢口向上呈杯状,由竹叶、枯草、苔藓等编制而成,内无铺垫物。巢外底部垫有枯叶、干草等。巢外径长(100.37±4.00)mm,巢外径宽,(97.08±5.22)mm,巢高(48.18±2.24)mm。巢内径长(68.62±1.69)mm,巢内径宽(64.81±0.74)mm,巢深(36.07±0.30)mm。窝卵数(5±0.00)枚,卵重(1.91±0.05)g,卵长径(18.37±0.08)mm,卵短径(13.95±0.15)mm。孵化期12 d~13 d,孵化率为60%(n= 10),巢雏成活率为50%(n= 6),育雏期11 d。雏鸟的体重、体长的生长符合Logistic曲线方程拟合。天敌的捕食是影响黑喉歌鸲繁殖成功率的主要因素。关键词:黑喉歌鸲;繁殖生态;巢址特征;陕西佛坪
英文摘要:
      A study about the nest selection and breeding ecology of a poorly-known rare species Blackthroat was carried out in Foping national nature reserve from April to July 2013.Line transect methodology was used to find male birds, territory and the nest. Nest sites were investigated by quadrat sampling method. The results showed that Blackthroat built nests in coniferous forest and coniferous broadleaved forest with dense bamboos at the elevation ranging from 2050 m to 2475 m. Two nest of Luscnia obscura were found and be measured. The results showed that the Luscnia obscura were first observed in Foping in early may. The nest were in horizontal natural soil hole on the steep slope below coniferous forest and coniferous broadleaved forest with dense bamboos. The nest consists of bamboo leaves, grass, moss etc. The average external dimensions of nest were 100.37± 4.00 mm length, 97.08± 5.22 mm width. The average internal dimensions of nest were 68.62± 1.69 mm length, 64.81± 0.74 mm width, and 36.07± 0.30 mm deep. We measure and collect data from 10 eggs from 2 nests. Average Clutch size was 5± 0.00 eggs. On average, eggs were 18.37± 0.08 mm long, 13.95± 0.15 mm wide, and 1.91± 0.05 g at laying. Incubation by female parents lasted 12~13 days. The hatching proportion was 0.60 ( n= 10 eggs). The survival rate was 0.50 ( n= 6). The nursing period was 11 days ( n= 1). The growth of body weight and length were fit with Logistic equation.
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