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李相林,谢华,杨瑞刚,余孟好.2015.滨海人工湿地越冬鸟类混合群结构及角色.动物学杂志,50(2):194-203.
滨海人工湿地越冬鸟类混合群结构及角色
The Composition and Role of Mixed-Species Flocks of Wintering Birds in Coastal Wetland
投稿时间:2014-03-21  修订日期:2015-02-05
DOI:DOI: 10.13859/j.cjz.201502005
中文关键词:  混合群  结构  角色
英文关键词:mixed-species flock  composition  role
基金项目:广西自然科学基金北部湾重大专项(2010GXNSFE013004,2011GXNSFE018001)资助项目第一作者介绍 李相林,男,硕士研究生;研究方向:动物生态学;E-mail:ecologygreen@126.com
作者单位E-mail
李相林* 广西壮族自治区环境保护科学研究院 南宁 530022 ecologygreen@126.com 
谢华 广西壮族自治区环境保护科学研究院 南宁 530022  
杨瑞刚 广西壮族自治区环境保护科学研究院 南宁 530022  
余孟好 广西壮族自治区环境保护科学研究院 南宁 530022  
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中文摘要:
      于2013年12月至2014年2月冬季期间,采用样点法对广西防城港市防城区江山乡新基村虾塘的越冬鸟类混合群行为进行观察研究。深水虾塘与浅水虾塘混合群的主要成员分别以中型个体的鹤鹬(Tringa erythropus)、青脚鹬(Tringa nebularia)、泽鹬(Tringa stagnatilis)等种类以及小型个体的金眶鸻(Charadrius dubius)、青脚滨鹬(Calidris temminckii)等种类为主;两种虾塘生境每群的物种平均数及个体平均数分别为(5.48±1.60)种、(3.93±1.14)种以及(18.75±11.67)只、(11.65±5.12)只。深水虾塘的核心种鹤鹬以及跟随种青脚鹬、泽鹬在浅水虾塘属于加入种;而浅水虾塘的核心种金眶鸻以及跟随种青脚滨鹬在深水虾塘却属于加入种。研究结果表明,不同类型生境的鸟类混合群结构及其核心种和跟随种均存在明显差异,这种差异是由于物种组成、资源分布等多种因素引起的。
英文摘要:
      In order to explore the mixed-species flocks’composition and role of the wintering bird and find out some basic rule of the mixed-species flocks in Coastal Wetland in Guangxi, we selected fixed 3 deep water shrimp ponds and 3 shallow ponds in the coastal area of Fangchenggang city. 80 times Fixed-point observation were carried out in the above two types shrimp pond from December of 2013 to February of 2014, respecetivly.The time of initiation, duration, species, individuals, the times of individual behaviour in mixed-species flocks including vigilance, rest,forging at high frequency in samll area and forging in large area were recorded. We used the regression analysis to test the relationship between flock size and the number of species. Variation of the frequency of occurrence between two types shrimp pond was examined with chi-square analysis. Differences of the species and individuals between two types shrimp pond were analyzed with two-sample t-tests. The table 1 showed that 11 species distributed in each type shrimp pond. The major members of deep water shrimp pond were the medium-sized individuals of Spotted Redshank,Common Greenshank and Marsh Sandpiper. They were the small-sized individuals of Little Ringed Plover and Temminck’s Stint in shallow water shrimp pond. The deep water shrimp pond’s flocks averaged 5.48±1.60 species and 18.75±11.67 individuals. They averaged 3.93±1.14 species and 11.65±5.12 individuals in shallow pond. The nuclear species of Spotted Redshank and follower species of Common Greenshank and Marsh Sandpiper became the joiner species from the deep water shrimp pond to shallow pond. However,the nuclear species of Little Ringed Plover and follower species of Temminck’s Stint became the joiner species from the shallow water shrimp pond to deep pond. The results indicated the obvious differences existed in the composition and role of mixed-species flocks in different types of habitat. The differences among habitats were probably the result of many factors including species composition,the distribution of resources,and other factors.
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