To learn the details of the distribution of herpetological resources and species diversity in the Mayanghe Nature Reserve, we conducted field surveys on the herpetological resources in the Mayanghe Nature Reserve in Guizhou from May to June. Totally, 43 species and subspecies of herpetological belonging to 34 genera, 14 families, 4 orders were recorded in the Mayanghe Reserve. The result of the comparison among the Mayanghe Nature Reserve and the Fodingshan Nature Reserve and the Leigongshan Nature Reserve with the Similarity Coefficient of herpetological supported the zoogeography division that the Leigongshan Nature Reserve and Fodingshan Nature Reserve belong to the Southeast of Guizhou Hilly Basin Province, the Mayanghe Nature Reserve belongs to the Northern of Guizhou Middle Mountain and Gorge Province. The G-F Indexes of the Mayanghe, Fodingshan and Leigongshan Nature Reserve were calculated with the G-F formula, the G-F index of amphibians and reptiles in the Leigongshan are highest with 0.23 and 0.50, the G-F index of amphibians and reptiles in the Mayanghe are lowest with -0.20 and 0.25. Correlation of four parameters including the amphibians and reptiles population, the average annual temperature, the annual precipitation and the G-F index of the Mayanghe Nature Reserve, the Leigongshan Nature Reserve and the Fodingshan Nature Reserve were tested, The average annual precipitation in the range 1 158.7-1 450mm, with an average annual temperature in the range 14.02-16.7 ℃, significant positive correlation was found between the amphibians population and the annual precipitation (P=0.045<0.05) in amphibians, and the population of amphibians was uncorrelated with annual temperature(P＞0.05; what’s more, significant positive correlation was found between the population of reptiles and the annual precipitation, and also with the population of amphibian(P <0.05), the population of reptiles was uncorrelated with the annual temperature.