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吴文化,张秀娟,宋聃,孙大江,李林妙,江海英,陈金平.2015.不同饵料对匙吻鲟仔鱼生长发育和消化酶活性的影响.动物学杂志,50(4):571-580.
不同饵料对匙吻鲟仔鱼生长发育和消化酶活性的影响
The Effects of Different Diets on Growth, Development and Digestive Enzymes Activity in Paddlefish (Polyodon spathala) Larvae
投稿时间:2014-07-30  修订日期:2015-04-30
DOI:DOI: 10.13859/j.cjz.201504009
中文关键词:  匙吻鲟  不同饵料  开口驯化  消化酶
英文关键词:Polyodon spathala  different diets  initial feeding stage  digestive enzyme
基金项目:
作者单位E-mail
吴文化 中国水产科学研究院 黑龙江水产研究所 wuwenhua2008@sina.com 
张秀娟* 广东省昆虫研究所 zhangxj67@gdei.gd.cn 
宋聃 中国水产科学研究院 黑龙江水产研究所  
孙大江 中国水产科学研究院 黑龙江水产研究所  
李林妙 中国水产科学研究院 黑龙江水产研究所  
江海英 中国水产科学研究院 黑龙江水产研究所  
陈金平 中国水产科学研究院 黑龙江水产研究所  
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中文摘要:
      本文研究了不同强化饵料对匙吻鲟仔鱼生长和发育的影响,试验采用蛋黄或鱼油强化卤虫无节幼体或桡足幼体共6个实验组,即未强化卤虫组、蛋黄强化卤虫组、鱼油强化卤虫组和未强化桡足幼体组、蛋黄强化桡足幼体组、鱼油强化桡足幼体组,对匙吻鲟(Polyodon spathala)仔鱼开口驯化14 d,动态监测和统计不同饵料组匙吻鲟仔鱼的生长和存活情况,并对消化酶活性进行相关性分析。结果表明,在体质量、体长、日增重和存活率4个指标,均为桡足幼体组显著高于卤虫组(P<0.05),尤其在存活率方面,鱼油强化卤虫组不足50%,而未强化桡足幼体组最高可达86.59%;不同饵料组生长模式方程都获得较好的拟合,从体重和体长生长曲线看,桡足幼体组从饲喂8天起体长和体重进入快速生长期,而卤虫组生长一直相对缓慢;胃蛋白酶活性在未强化桡足幼体组显著高于其他组(P<0.05),不同饵料组对仔鱼的淀粉酶活性无显著性影响。综上认为,在匙吻鲟仔鱼开口期以桡足幼体开口饵料驯化效果较好,特别是未强化桡足幼体组仔鱼的存活率高,鱼油强化桡足幼体组仔鱼生长速度较快,而以卤虫饲喂效果相对较差。
英文摘要:
      In intensive aquaculture, the choice of diet in initial feeding stage have important effects on growth and survival in fish larvae, even all the whole life history. The aim of this study was to find out a kind of diet, which is more suitable for development and survival of Polyodon spathala larvae during initial feeding stage. A total of six different diets, known as unenriched artemia nauplii group, enriched artemia nauplii with yolk group, enriched artemia nauplii with fish oil group, unenriched copepodid larva group, enriched copepodid larva with yolk group and enriched copepodid larva with yolk group, were fed to paddlefish Polyodon spathala larvae in initial feeding for 14 days. The growth and survival of Polyodon spathala larvae were monitored and recorded, then the effects of six different diet groups on digestive enzymes activity were analyzed. The results indicated that all four statistical index, such as final weight, final length, daily weight gain (DWG) and survival rate (SR), were significantly higher in the three groups fed with copepodid larva than other three groups fed with artemia nauplii in Tab. 1 (P<0.05). Impressively, SR was less than 50% in enriched artemia nauplii with fish oil group, but more than 86% in unenriched copepodid larva group in Tab. 1. Though growth pattern equations of six diet groups all fitted well, the weight and length growth curves revealed Polyodon spathala larvae grew quickly after 8 d in copepodid larva groups, but all three artemia nauplii groups always were significantly slow in Fig. 1-3. Pepsin activity in unenriched copepodid larva group was higher than other five groups in Fig. 4 (P<0.05). In addition, the effects of six diets on amylase activity were not significantly different in Fig. 6 (P>0.05). Collectively, Polyodon spathala larvae fed with unenriched copepodid larva grouphad significantly high survival rate, and that of enriched copepodid larva with yolk group grew quickly. Therefore, above evidences suggested copepodid larva diet is much better choice than artemia nauplii diet for Polyodon spathala larvae during initial feeding stage.
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