To explore the genotoxicity of aniline to the erythrocyte of Rana nigromaculata tadpoles from different genetic endpoints, the tadpoles were exposed to four concentrations (0, 3.45, 17.25, 34.50 and 69.0 μg/L) of aniline for 96 h. Micronuclei frequencies was measured by micronucleus test, the tail length and the tail moment were assessed by comet assay. The values obtained were statistically analyzed using computer software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan, s multiple range test was used to analyze the data. Significance was established at P<0.01 level. The results of micronucleus test showed that the erythrocyte micronuclei frequencies of all treatment groups were significantly higher than that of the normal group (Fig. 1, Table 2), but as a result of the influence of cell rupture (Table 1) and Heinz corpuscle caused by aniline, there wasn’t obvious concentration-effect relation between micronucleus frequency and the concentrations of anline. The results of comet assay showed that both the tail length and the tail moment of all treatment groups were significantly higher than the control group (Fig. 2, Table 3), moreover the two indexes increased in a dose-dependent manner with the rise of the aniline concentration. The results aforementioned suggested that aniline induced chromosomes and DNA damage in erythrocytes of Rana nigromaculat tadpoles, indicated stronger genetic toxic effect. Furthermore, the level of DNA damage at the highest concentration (69.0 μg/L) was similar to that of the positive control (5 mg/L cyclophosphamide), therefore there's a recommendation that the restriction of aniline in water body constituted by water quality standard for fisheries should not be higher than the value.