不同规格中华绒螯蟹母本子代的生长特性比较
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上海海洋大学农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海海洋大学农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室

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上海市中华绒螯蟹产业技术体系项目,国家星火计划项目(No. 2011GA680001),欧盟FP7亚欧水产平台项目(No. 245020),水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心项目(No. ZF1206)


The Comparative Study on Growth Characteristics of Offspring Produced by Female Parents With Different Weight of the Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir Sinensis)
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    摘要:

    为研究中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)不同规格母本子代的生长发育,本实验在生态池塘中放置网箱养殖中华绒螯蟹,按照母本规格不同设置4个组,组A、B、C和D分别为母本体重(175.7 ± 5.3)g、(150.4 ± 5.8)g、(125.6 ± 5.5)g和(100.2 ± 5.9)g的子代,4组的父本体重无显著差异,每个组4个平行,每个平行雄蟹10只、雌蟹20只。每个网箱放养中华绒螯蟹大眼幼体500只,以水花生(Altemanthena philoxeroides)为隐蔽物,保持生长环境尽量相同且适宜生长。经过158 d的养殖,A、B、C和D组个体的体重从(6.0 ± 0.5)mg分别增长到(7 599.8 ± 954.8)mg、(6 232.7 ± 638.7)mg、(6 112.4 ± 854.6)mg、(5 316.0 ± 745.3)mg,分别增长了1 266.6、1 038.8、1 018.7和886.0倍,且A组特定生长率显著高于D组(P < 0.05)。蜕壳11次成长为1龄蟹种后综合指标(体重、壳长、壳宽、体高)最好的是A组,A组显著好于B、C、D组(P < 0.05);次之为B、C组,再者是D组,B与C组差异不显著(P > 0.05),但均显著好于D组(P < 0.05)。B组成活率最高,分别比A、D、C组高1.4%、3.6%、4.6%;次之为A组,分别比D、C组高2.2%、3.2%;再者为D组,比C组高1.4%。综合研究表明,在1龄蟹种阶段,大规格母本后代生长性状表现出优于小规格母本后代的趋势。

    Abstract:

    To study the growth and development characters of offspring of the Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis) produced by female parents with varied body weight, we raised the offspring in the crab cages placed in a pond and performed four handlings (Fig. 1, 2). Group A: offsprings produce by females weighed 175.7 ± 5.3 g; group B: offsprings from females weighed 150.4 ± 5.8 g; group C and D: offsprings from females weighed 125.6 ± 5.5 g and 100.2 ± 5.9 g. The paternity of all the offspring were weighed 300.2 ± 9.6 g. We farmed 500 offspring of E. sinensis in each cage which is shaded by Altemanthena philoxeroides. We randomly sampled 30 offspring from each cage when 80%﹣85% individuals of the crab exuviated their shells according to the shelling curcles. Totally, we took 11 samples from each cage. We weighed each individual by analytical balance scale and measured hell length and width, body height by electronic digital calipers after drying their external water using absorbent paper. The took the vertical distance from the depression of head central to the tail as the shell length and the widest part of the shell is used as the shell width, the vertical distance between the highest point of the back and abdominal as the body height. We udsed Excel and SPSS 22.0 software to analyze our data. After 158 days of cultivation, the weight of offspring increased from 6.0 ± 0.5 mg to 7 599.8 ± 954.78 mg for group A, 6 232.7 ± 638.68 mg for group B, and 6 112.4 ± 854.63 mg, 5 316.0 ± 745.25 mg for group C and D,expectively. The specific growth rate of offspring in group A was significantly higher than those in group D (P < 0.05). The weight of group A was significantly higher than B, C, D group after 6﹣11 times molting (P < 0.05); The weight of D group was significantly lower than those in group A, B, C at the 6th, 7th, 10th, 11th times of molting (P < 0.05) (Fig. 3, Table 2). The shell length of individuals in group A was significantly longer than those in group B, C, D group at the 7th, 8th, 10th, 11 th times of molting (P < 0.05); the shell length of individuals in group D was significantly short than those in group A, B, C after the 11th times of molting (P < 0.05) (Fig. 4, Table 2). Except the 3th times of molting, the shell width of offspring in group A was significantly wider than those in group B, C, D (P < 0.05); the shell width offspring in group D was significantly narrower than those in group A, B, C group after the 9th and 11th times of molting (P < 0.05) (Fig. 5, Table 2). Except the 3th and 6th times molting, the body height of individuals in group A was significantly higher than those in group B, C, D (P < 0.05); the body height of individual in group D was significantly lower than those in grougp A, B, and C after the 2th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th times of molting (P < 0.05) (Fig. 6, Table 2). The best composite indicator (weight, shell length, shell width, body height) of the juvenile crab was taken in the individuals in group A which was significantly better than those in group B, C, D (P < 0.05); The next best measurement was taken from in dividuals in group B and C. All the measurement taken from individuals in group D was worst. No any significant difference in all the measurement taken from individuals from group B and group C (P > 0.05), all the composite indicators from offspring in Group B and C were significantly better than the those from group D (Table 2). The highest survival rate was taken from group B which was 1.4%, 3.6%, 4.6% higher than those from group A, D and C respectively; this value from group A was 2.2% and 3.2% higher than that from group D and group C respectively. The survival rate from individuals in group D was 1.4% higher than that from group C (Table 3). Our study indicated that in the one year seed breed phase, the offspring produced by female parent with larger sizes had a superior growth traits than those produced by female parent with smaller sizes.

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陈军伟,马旭洲,王武,杨永超,陶程.2016.不同规格中华绒螯蟹母本子代的生长特性比较.动物学杂志,51(5):895-906.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-06-03
  • 最后修改日期:2016-07-08
  • 录用日期:2016-06-30
  • 在线发布日期: 2016-09-22
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