| 何芬奇,林剑声,闻丞,林植,石全华,黄慧琴,程松林,肖红.2017.婺源靛冠噪鹛生物学初探.动物学杂志,52(1):167-175. |
| 婺源靛冠噪鹛生物学初探 |
| Prelim of Biology of the Blue-crowned Laughingthrush Garrulax courtoisi in Wuyuan of NE Jiangxi, SE China |
| 投稿时间：2015-09-11 修订日期：2016-07-19 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.201701022 |
| 中文关键词: 靛冠噪鹛 生物学 江西婺源 |
| 英文关键词:The Blue-crowned Laughingthrush, Garrulax courtoisi Biology The location Wuyuan of NE Jiangxi |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2000 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 靛冠噪鹛（Garrulax courtoisi），由原黄喉噪鹛（Garrulax galbanus）[复又被]剥离出来的一独立鸟种并由此而为中国南方之特有种，具两个地理上相互分离/分立的亚种，其指名亚种于中国东南、亚种simaoensis于中国西南；因其对繁殖生境之狭选性且群体数量之稀缺而被列为极危物种（CR）。十余年来野外调查结果表明，其指名亚种于繁殖季节几乎仅见于江西婺源，营巢于低地村落乡镇的林木间，为典型合作繁殖鸟种。统计结果显示，在婺源靛冠噪鹛各繁殖群体中，其每年的营巢数量从未超过该群体中个体数的1/3，接近1/3已是很好年景；若首批卵和/或雏鸟遭天敌捕杀，二次所筑之巢的数目则充其量不及该群体中个体数的1/5，且二次筑巢通常在首批卵和/或雏鸟遭捕杀后月余方才开始；野外未见婺源靛冠噪鹛在一年之内有第三次筑巢的现象。若以成鸟引领当年幼鸟离开其繁殖地即视其繁殖期成功结束，则从未记录到当年幼鸟的数量有达到该繁殖群成鸟数量1/4的例子，能够接近或达到1/5已属上乘；作为另一方面，婺源靛冠噪鹛的某个或某几个繁殖群由于巢卵遭捕食而在个别年份中无幼鸟问世却并不罕见。目前已能确定婺源靛冠噪鹛有9个繁殖群体，个体总量逾300只，且在过去的5年中其数量略呈增长趋势。另外，尽管10余年来野外找寻simaoensis亚种的努力从未间断，但无论在已知原产地并周边地带却一直未能[再]发现该亚种。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Blue-crowned Laughingthrush, Garrulax courtoisi, quite recently split from G. galbanus to be a separate species, is hence an endemic bird to southern China, with two rather isolated subspecies, the dominant in SE China and the race simaoensis in SW China. And, due to so small of its far known population as well as so tiny of the viable breeding habitats that those birds preferring for nesting, the Blue-crowned Laughingthrush is listed amongst the Critically Endantgered (CR). According to the results of our field studies since 2000, the dominant race of the bird, courtoisi, is mainly restricted to Wuyuan of NE Jiangxi, SE China, particularly during the breeding season, nesting in flocks in trees in and/or around those lowland villages and towns showing high collaboration in its breeding efforts. Ususally, and statistically, for a good breeding season, number of nests of the first clutch for a breeding flock would be no more than 1/3 of the number of birds in the flock, and less than 1/5 of the second if their first clutch failed, no third clutch ever observed; and, as to be the best result, those chicks of the year which can get enough developed for leaving the breeding site with the adults would be no more than 1/4 of the number of the adults in the flock, while, some flocks in some years would have no chicks at all, mostly due to predation but sometimes also due to human disturbance. It is currently confirmed that the whole colony of the dominant, courtoisi, consisting of 9 breeding flocks, with over 300 individuals in total of its population, showing a trend of slightly increasing in the last 5 years. Whereas, until now, though constant seeking effort being undertaken for more than 10 years, no flocks or even individuals of the race simaoensis could have been virtually re-found in all the known localities and in relatively larger surroundings, both in S Yunnan and in W Guangxi, of SW China. |
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