| 刘红艳,熊飞,段辛斌,刘绍平,陈大庆.2016.长江上游江津江段长薄鳅种群参数和资源量评估.动物学杂志,51(6):993-1002. |
| 长江上游江津江段长薄鳅种群参数和资源量评估 |
| Estimating Population Parameters and Abundance of Elongate Loach (Leptobotia elongata) in the Jiangjin Section of the Upper Yangtze River |
| 投稿时间：2015-10-20 修订日期：2016-08-25 |
| DOI：DOI: 10.13859/j.cjz.201606007 |
| 中文关键词: 种群参数 生长 死亡 种群数量 资源评估 长薄鳅 |
| 英文关键词:Population parameters Growth Mortality Population abundance Stock assessment Elongate Loach, Leptobotia elongata |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No. 51109091，51310105036）； |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1944 |
| 全文下载次数: 2259 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 长薄鳅（Leptobotia elongata）为长江上游特有种，由于过度捕捞和大坝建设，其种群生存受到极大威胁，已被《中国物种红色名录》列为易危物种。为了解三峡工程蓄水后该物种的种群动态，利用2007 ~ 2009年三峡库区以上江津江段的渔获量和体长频率数据评估了其生长和死亡参数、资源量及资源利用。长江上游江津江段长薄鳅体长范围为76 ~ 480 mm，体重范围为5 ~ 2 002 g，平均体长为（158.7 ± 54.8）mm，平均体重为（72.4 ± 148.8）g。优势体长组为90 ~ 210 mm，约占总数的77.9%（n = 277）。长薄鳅体长（L，单位mm）与体重（W，单位g）幂函数关系为：W = 7.28 × 10﹣6L3.09（R2 = 0.95，P < 0.01，n = 277）。由体长频率法拟合出长薄鳅渐近体长（L∞）为555 mm，生长系数（k）为0.17/a。由Pauly经验公式估算出其自然死亡系数（M）为0.37。由长度转渔获物曲线估算出其总死亡系数（Z）为1.23。江津江段长薄鳅资源开发率为0.70，超过了其资源最大开发率0.43，表明其资源已过度开发。由体长结构实际种群分析估算出江津江段2007、2008和2009年长薄鳅年资源量分别为2 544尾/km（0.75 t/km）、 2 405尾/km （0.42 t/km） 和 7 245尾/km（1.63 t/km），平均4 065尾/km
（0.93 t/km）。与以往研究相比，本研究记录到了长薄鳅的最大个体（体长480 mm）；本研究估算的长薄鳅总死亡系数和资源开发率较高，可能与江津江段的捕捞强度较高有关。建议加强长薄鳅种群动态长期监测，采取禁渔、人工增殖放流等措施促进资源恢复。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Elongate Loach (Leptobotia elongate) is endemic to the upper Yangtze River. It has been threatened by overfishing and dam construction, and evaluated as being endangered in China Species Red List. To understand its population dynamics after the Three Gorges Reservoir was impounded, the catch and time series length-frequency data were used to estimate growth and mortality parameters, population abundance and resources utilization of Elongate Loach based on surveys in the Jiangjin section of the upper Yangtze River conducted in 2007﹣2009 (Fig. 1). Elongate Loach ranged from 76 to 480 mm in length and 5 to 2002 g in weight, with an average length of 158.7 ± 54.8 mm and an average weight of 72.4 ± 148.8 g (n = 277). The length group of 90﹣210 mm dominated the catches (77.9% of the total number) (Fig. 2). The length (L, mm)-weight (W, g) relationship of Elongate Loach was well-fit with a power function, W = 7.28 × 10﹣6 L3.09 (R2 = 0.95, P < 0.01, n = 277) (Fig. 3). Asymptotic length (L∞) and growth constant (k) were estimated using length frequency data as 555 mm and 0.17/a, respectively. Natural mortality was estimated as 0.37 using the empirical formula proposed by Pauly. The total mortality was estimated using a length-converted catch curve analysis as 1.23 (Table 1). The exploitation rate observed in the Jiangjin section was 0.70, higher than the estimated maximum exploitation rate (0.43), which indicated that it was overfished for Elongate Loach (Fig. 4). Population abundance of Elongate Loach in the Jiangjin section estimated by length-structured virtual population analysis was 2 544 ind/km (0.75 t/km) in 2007, 2 405 ind/km (0.42 t/km) in 2008, and 7 245 ind/km (1.63 t/km) in 2009, respectively, with an average of 4 065 ind/km (0.93 t/km) (Fig. 5). Compared with the earlier studies (Table 2), a new maximum length (480 mm) of Elongate Loach was recorded; the estimated total mortality and exploitation rate of Elongate Loach in this study were higher, which was likely caused by the higher fishing effort in the Jiangjin section. Long-term population dynamics monitoring, closed fishing, and artificial enhancement and releasing were suggested to improve the resources. |
| 附件 |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
