| 江爱萍,张珂,洪美玲,史海涛.2017.急性盐度胁迫对红耳龟肌肉中游离氨基酸水平的影响.动物学杂志,52(3):485-496. |
| 急性盐度胁迫对红耳龟肌肉中游离氨基酸水平的影响 |
| Effect of Acute Salinity Stress on Free Amino Acids in the Red-eared Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) |
| 投稿时间：2016-07-10 修订日期：2017-04-07 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.201703015 |
| 中文关键词: 盐度胁迫 红耳龟 渗透压调节 游离氨基酸 |
| 英文关键词:Salinity stress Red-eared Slider, Trachemys scripta elegans Osmotic adjustment Free amino acids |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No. 31360642，31372228） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2087 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 设置3个盐度处理组（5‰盐度组、10‰盐度组和15‰盐度组，后面简称盐度5组、盐度10组和盐度15组）和一个对照组（以等体积经曝晒处理的自来水作为对照组）研究红耳龟（Trachemys scripta elegans）肌肉中游离氨基酸以及血液和肝中可溶性蛋白含量在急性盐度胁迫0 h、24 h和96 h的变化情况。结果显示，在24 h和96 h时，盐度组红耳龟肌肉中总游离氨基酸含量显著高于对照组（P < 0.05），并且在红耳龟肌肉中天冬酰胺、组氨酸、丙氨酸、谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸含量最为丰富。在不同取样时间下，谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、亮氨酸、色氨酸、缬氨酸和甲硫氨酸的含量在3个盐度处理组间均没有显著差异（P > 0.05）；但在不同盐度组中天冬酰胺、丙氨酸、精氨酸、脯氨酸和天冬氨酸含量随着时间的延长均上升。通过主成分分析发现，起主要作用的游离氨基酸是丝氨酸、丙氨酸、精氨酸、脯氨酸、酪氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、天冬氨酸、组氨酸、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸和甘氨酸。方差分析发现，丝氨酸、丙氨酸、精氨酸、脯氨酸、酪氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、天冬氨酸和组氨酸对盐度和时间均响应显著（P < 0.05），且盐度和时间之间存在显著的交互作用（P < 0.05）。在24 h和96 h时，盐度10组和盐度15组血液中可溶性蛋白含量均显著低于对照组（P < 0.05）；而盐度5组肝中可溶性蛋白含量在24 h时显著高于对照组（P < 0.05），在96 h时显著低于对照组（P < 0.05）。结果表明，在急性盐度胁迫下，红耳龟可以通过肌肉中氨基酸的代谢以及血液和肝中可溶性蛋白的分解，产生游离氨基酸进入到血液中以维持机体的渗透压平衡。研究结果为红耳龟外来入侵生理适应机制的研究提供了重要参考，并进一步完善了对龟类渗透压调节机制的认识。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| According to field surveys, the Red-eared Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) can survive in brackish water although it generally lives in fresh water. In order to understand protein utilization under acute salinity stress, the changes of free amino acids in muscle and soluble protein content in blood and liver at salinity 5, 10 and 15 (that is 5‰, 10‰ and 15‰ salinity) and control group at 0 h, 24 h and 96 h were studied. As shown in Table 1, total free amino acid contents in the muscle of Red-eared Slider in three salinity groups were significantly higher than in the control group at 24 h and 96 h (P < 0.05). The contents of asparagine, histidine, alanine, glutamine and glutamic acid were rich. There was no significant difference in the contents of glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine, tryptophan, valine and methionine at different sampling time points (P > 0.05). However, the contents of asparagine, alanine, arginine, proline and aspartic acid increased with the extension of sampling time in salinity groups. Principal component analysis showed that serine, alanine, arginine, proline, tyrosine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, lysine, aspartic acid, histidine, glutamine and glutamic acid and glycine play a major role in osmotic regulation as shown in Table 2. According to analysis of two-way ANOVA, there were significant differences and interaction effect of salinity and sampling time in the content of serine, alanine, arginine, proline, tyrosine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, lysine, aspartic acid and histidine as shown in Table 3 (P < 0.05). The contents of soluble proteins in the blood of the salinity groups decreased with ambient salinity increase, and those in salinity 10 and 15 were significantly lower than the control group at 24 h and 96 h in Fig. 1 (P < 0.05). However, the content of soluble proteins in the liver in salinity 5 was significantly higher than tha of the control group at 24 h, while significantly lower than that of the control group at 96 h (Fig. 2, P < 0.05). Therefore, we conclude that the Red-eared Slider can produce free amino acids which are released into the blood to maintain osmotic balance through the metabolism of amino acids in the muscle and decomposition of soluble protein in the blood and liver. These results will provide an important reference for the study of physiological invasive mechanism in the Red-eared Slider and improve the osmoregulatory mechanism of the turtles. |
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