| 吴海峰,金杰锋,Nyambayar Batbayar,李凤山,丁长青.2018.鄱阳湖越冬白枕鹤活动区面积与水位和气温的关系.动物学杂志,53(4):497-506. |
| 鄱阳湖越冬白枕鹤活动区面积与水位和气温的关系 |
| Wintering Home Range Variation of White-naped Cranes Grus vipio and Its Correlation with Water Level and Temperature in Poyang Lake |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-15 修订日期：2018-07-03 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.201804001 |
| 中文关键词: 白枕鹤 活动区 鄱阳湖 水位 卫星跟踪 |
| 英文关键词:White-naped Crane, Grus vipio Home range Poyang Lake Water level Satellite tracking |
| 基金项目:国家林业局野生动物疫源疫病监测项目，自然科学基金项目（No. 31772483） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2014年11月至2015年3月，以及2015年11月至2016年3月，利用卫星跟踪技术对6只越冬于鄱阳湖的白枕鹤（Grus vipio）活动区面积进行了研究，利用广义线性混合模型（GLMM）分析了水位、气温、年份、年龄及个体差异对活动区面积的影响，利用Pearson相关分析将对活动区面积影响较大的因子与活动区面积进行了相关性分析。结果发现，两个越冬期内白枕鹤平均周活动区面积，2014至2015越冬期为（57.85 ± 94.67）km2，2015至2016越冬期为（12.01 ± 17.74）km2。在两个越冬期内，活动区面积均呈显著下降趋势（2014 ~ 2015年，t =﹣2.831，P < 0.01；2015 ~ 2016年，t =﹣3.422，P < 0.01）；气温对活动区面积的影响不显著（P > 0.05），而水位对活动区面积具有极显著影响（P < 0.01）；2014 ~ 2015年水位高度（14.92 ± 0.65）m，2015 ~ 2016年水位高度（15.39 ± 0.70）m，周活动区面积与同期水位高度显著正相关（2014 ~ 2015年，r = 0.370，P < 0.01；2015 ~ 2016年，r = 0.380，P < 0.01）。推测水位的变化影响越冬白枕鹤主要食物的生长及可获得性，进而导致越冬期白枕鹤活动区面积的相应变化。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The home range variation of White-naped Cranes (Grus vipio) has been estimated by GPS tracking data in Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province from November 2014 to March 2015 and November 2015 to March 2016. Six birds were equipped with GPS-GSM radios (CTT-1060a) at Khurkh and Khuiten in Mongolia (Table 1). To analyze the influence of water level, temperature and other factors on home range, Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) and Pearson correlation analysis were used. The average wintering duration of the White-naped Cranes in Poyang Lake was 125.00 ± 14.80 d in these two years (Table 2). Average weekly home range was 57.85 ± 94.67 km2 in 2014﹣2015 and 12.01 ± 17.74 km2 in 2015﹣2016 (Table 3). In these two winters, weekly home range size declined significantly as the winter progressed (2014﹣2015: t =﹣2.831, P < 0.01; 2015﹣2016: t =﹣3.422, P < 0.01) (Fig. 1). Water level contributed most to the home range change in GLMM, which shown a significant correlation (Table 4, Table 5 and Fig. 2). Compared with water level, temperature played a less important role in the GLMM (Table 5), and weekly mean home range shown a significantly positive correlation with synchronous average water level (2014﹣2015: t = 3.626, P < 0.01; 2015﹣2016: t = 3.222, P < 0.01) (Fig. 3). The change of water level could potentially influence the growth and availability of Vallisneria spp. and Potentilla limprichtii, which were the main foods of the wintering White-naped Crane and would cause the change of the cranes′ home range. |
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