| 陈志武,刘继贺,刘科科,徐湘,肖永红.2019.蛛网和蛛体挥发物诱导的阴暗拟隙蛛（蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科）种内选择偏好行为.动物学杂志,54(3):339-346. |
| 蛛网和蛛体挥发物诱导的阴暗拟隙蛛（蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科）种内选择偏好行为 |
| Choice Preference Induced by Conspecific Webs and Body Volatiles in Pireneitega luctuosa (Araneae: Agelenidae) |
| 投稿时间：2018-11-17 修订日期：2019-04-26 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.201903004 |
| 中文关键词: 漏斗蛛 阴暗拟隙蛛 蛛网 蛛体挥发物 种内交流 |
| 英文关键词:Funnel-web spider Pireneitega luctuosa Web Body volatile Intraspecific communication |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No. 31560592，31772423），江西省青年基金项目（No. 20181BAB214008），江西省教育厅科技项目（No. GJJ160735） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 化学通讯是蜘蛛类群普遍使用的种内和种间信息交流方式，极可能是蜘蛛进化过程中最初用来进行个体之间信息交流的途径。本研究利用双向选择系统，测试了阴暗拟隙蛛（Pireneitega luctuosa）对同种其他个体的蛛网和蛛体挥发物的选择行为，采用卡方检验的统计学方法、利用SPSS 19.0和Origin Pro 8等软件对所测蜘蛛的选择数据进行了分析。结果显示：① 阴暗拟隙蛛雄蛛和雌蛛对来自同种异性的蛛网（P < 0.001）和蛛体挥发物（P < 0.05）均具有显著的趋向性，雌、雄蛛在异性蛛网或蛛体挥发物所在的选择盒表现更长时间的停留、探索、织网等行为；② 雄蛛和雌蛛对幼蛛蛛体释放出来的挥发物均表现出显著的回避行为（P < 0.05），倾向于远离具有幼蛛挥发物的选择盒；③ 幼蛛对同种幼蛛和雄蛛的蛛网（P < 0.001）以及同种幼蛛的蛛体挥发物（P < 0.05）均具有选择偏好性，说明幼蛛倾向于与同种个体接近。我们的研究表明，阴暗拟隙蛛雄蛛、雌蛛及幼蛛的蛛网和蛛体挥发物能诱导种内其他个体的趋向或回避行为，阴暗拟隙蛛幼蛛对同种幼蛛的选择偏好性可能是该种个体在同一地域聚集分布的主要原因。我们的研究从行为学角度证实，阴暗拟隙蛛的蛛网及体表均携带有能够标识其性别和龄期的相关信息化学物质。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Chemical signals are generally applied by spiders for intra- and interspecific communication. It is probably the first way that brought female and male spiders together for reproduction. In this study, choice preferences of adults and spiderlings in the funnel-web spider Pireneitega luctuosa to conspecific webs and body volatiles were tested using the two-choice arena system (Fig. 1). The Chi-square test was applied to analyze the preferences of tested spiders in the two-choice experiments using software SPSS 19.0 and Origin Pro 8. The results showed as the following: ① Both of the males and females displayed significant preference to webs (P < 0.001, Fig. 2 & Fig. 3) and body volatiles (P < 0.05, Fig. 5 & Fig. 6) of opposite sex in P. luctuosa. They stayed longer and showed more probing and weaving behavior in the chambers which were occupied by webs or body volatiles from the opposite sex. ② Both of the males and females were repelled by the body volatiles released from conspecific spiderlings (P < 0.05, Fig. 5 & Fig. 6). They preferred to stay and weave their webs in the control chambers instead of the chambers occupied by body volatiles of conspecific spiderlings. ③ Spiderlings of P. luctuosa were attracted by webs waved by both conspecific spiderlings and males (P < 0.001, Fig. 4). They were also attracted by body volatiles released from conspecific spiderings (P < 0.05, Fig. 7). Our results suggest that spiderlings of P. luctuosa preferred to live close to each other, which is probably the critical factor to aggregated distribution of this spider species. Our study verified that webs and body volatiles elicit preference or repellence behavior of conspecifics in the funnel-web spider P. luctuosa, thus confirming that semiochemicals associating with spider webs and bodies are applied for intraspecific communication and behavior orientation in P. luctuosa. |
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