| 孟和达来,李晓宇,孟和,韩志庆,居文华,刘威,于春丽,张静,李金洋,鲍伟东.2019.内蒙古赛罕乌拉国家级自然 保护区黑鹳繁殖记述.动物学杂志,54(6):806-809. |
| 内蒙古赛罕乌拉国家级自然 保护区黑鹳繁殖记述 |
| Breeding Notes of the Black Stork (Ciconia nigra) in Saihanwula Nature Reserve |
| 投稿时间：2019-07-10 修订日期：2019-10-28 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.201906005 |
| 中文关键词: 黑鹳 栖息地 繁殖巢 行为 |
| 英文关键词:Black Stork, Ciconia nigra Habitat Breeding nest Reproduction behavior |
| 基金项目:国家林业局珍稀濒危物种调查监管项目（No. 2014-LYSJWT-33） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 黑鹳（Ciconia nigra）种群数量稀少，成活率低，为国家Ⅰ级重点保护物种，加强对黑鹳的保护已刻不容缓。内蒙古赛罕乌拉国家级自然保护区是黑鹳的重要繁殖栖息地，开展繁殖行为研究有助于提高对黑鹳的保护成效。2012至2015年对2处黑鹳繁殖巢址进行了繁殖期观察。2012年5月15日首次发现1巢内有4枚卵并有亲鸟在巢中孵卵，6月7日孵化出4只幼雏，8月底全部成功离巢。2013年4月黑鹳利用该巢产卵5枚，孵化1只雏鸟，孵卵期约33 d，后期卵、雏鸟均消失，推测为来自蛇类的捕食。2014、2015年该巢未被利用。2014年4月24日发现另外一处巢址，8月12日观察到3只幼鸟已开始练习飞行，至8月19日全部离巢。2015年该巢孵化雏鸟4只，6月初死于恶劣天气。通过监测发现黑鹳连续多年在保护区内栖息繁殖，所发现的两巢成功出雏7只个体。本研究初步获得保护区境内黑鹳的繁殖信息，为后续促进黑鹳种群恢复与栖息地保护提供了基础数据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With limited population size in the world, the Black Stork (Ciconia nigra) is listed as the First Class State Key Protected Wild Bird in China, and it is urgent to know more about its breeding biology and strengthen the protection measures for the recovery of this rare bird. The Saihanwula National Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia is an important breeding habitat for the Black Storks. During 2012 to 2015, we worked on observations of the breeding of two nesting-sites of the Black Stork. On 14 May of 2012, the first nest was found with four eggs during incubating period, four hatchlings were found in June and they stayed in the nest until the end of August when successfully fledged. The storks used the same nest-site in 2013 with five eggs were found in April and one hatched in May, the incubation period lasted 33 days, however, the other eggs disappeared for unknown reasons, and the predation from snakes might be the disturbance factor. In 2014, we found another nesting-site in August with three sub-adults exercising flying and all the birds left the nest successfully. The storks used this nest-site in 2015 again with four hatchlings were recorded, but the chicks dead of bad weather in June. Altogether 7 Black Stork chicks were successfully grown up in the four years, indicating that the reserve should be a good breeding site of the bird. This study provided basic data for the subsequent study of this rare bird and planning habitat protection measures. |
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