| 肖晨瑶,赵玉娇,蔡永华,程建国,黎勇,周密,孟秀祥.2020.迁地保育林麝的侵犯性、等级序位及相互关系.动物学杂志,55(2):134-140. |
| 迁地保育林麝的侵犯性、等级序位及相互关系 |
| Relationships between Aggressiveness and Hierarchy in Captive Forest Musk Deer (Moschus berezovskii) |
| 投稿时间：2019-10-06 修订日期：2020-03-12 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202002002 |
| 中文关键词: 林麝 圈养 侵犯性 等级序位 |
| 英文关键词:Forest Musk Deer (Moschus berezovskii) In captivity Aggressiveness Hierarchy rank |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No. 31672300），生态环境部生物多样性调查评估项目（No. 2019HJ2096001006） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 侵犯性是动物个性的重要维度之一，体现了其主动挑衅和攻击其他个体的倾向。动物的侵犯性与其社会结构及等级序位存在紧密关系。本研究于2018年6月1日至7月31日对四川马尔康林麝繁育场的圈养林麝（Moschus berezovskii）进行了行为取样，计算林麝个体的侵犯性个性（侵犯性指数）和等级序位指数，分析圈养林麝的侵犯性和等级序位格局、影响因素及相互关系。结果表明，圈养林麝的侵犯性在性别间存在显著差异，雄性林麝的侵犯性（0.45 ± 0.09，n = 22）显著高于雌性（0.22 ± 0.06，n = 30）（P < 0.05），年龄和驯养密度对其侵犯性的效应均不显著（P > 0.05），说明林麝侵犯性的刚性较强；圈养林麝等级序位的性别间差异不显著（P > 0.05），亚成体麝与成体麝的等级序位差异也未达显著水平（P > 0.05），原因在于麝场的建群未区分年龄组；圈养林麝个体的侵犯性与其等级序位显著正相关，林麝个体的侵犯性越大，其等级序位越高（r = 0.73，P < 0.05），推测这与社群的序位等级构建和资源竞争有关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Aggressiveness is one important dimension of animal personality, measuring an animal's tendency to express provoking and attacking actively toward other individuals. Animal aggressiveness has crucial connection with the social structure and hierarchy. In this study, the focal sampling and all-occurrence recording were used to sample the conflict behavior of captive Forest Musk Deer (Moschus berezovskii) in the Maerkang Musk Deer Breed Center of Sichuan from June 1, 2018 to July 31, 2018, and the aggressiveness personality (aggressiveness index) and hierarchy index of individuals were calculated respectively. The aggressiveness and hierarchy pattern of captive forest musk deer were analyzed (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U), and the influencing factors and interrelationships between aggressiveness and hierarchy were also explored (Spearman relationship test). The results showed that there existed significant difference in aggressiveness between gender, in which the male was significantly more aggressive (0.45 ± 0.09, n = 22) than the female (0.22 ± 0.06, n = 30) (P < 0.05). Age and group density had no significant effect on aggressiveness (P > 0.05) of captive forest musk deer, and age and gender had no significant effect on hierarchy (P > 0.05). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the aggressive and hierarchy. The more aggressive the individual was, the higher the rank was in a group (r = 0.727, P < 0.05). It was speculated that this was related to the hierarchy construction and resource competition in the musk deer group. |
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