| 吴兆录,潘帮珍,王紫江,赵雪冰.2008.圈养条件下滇池地区越冬红嘴鸥的食物选择.动物学杂志,43(4):102-108. |
| 圈养条件下滇池地区越冬红嘴鸥的食物选择 |
| Food Selection of Caged Wintering Black-headed Gull in the Region of Lake Dianchi |
| 投稿时间：2007-10-20 修订日期：2008-04-16 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 红嘴鸥 食物选择 圈养实验 滇池地区 |
| 英文关键词:Larus ridibundus Food selection Caging experiment Lake Dianchi |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 食物对滇池地区越冬红嘴鸥(Larusridibundus)的影响受到普遍关注。为18只红嘴鸥提供2~6种食物连续圈养4个周期共28d后放飞,以探讨其食物选择特点。结果表明:①红嘴鸥偏爱新鲜的泥鳅、小鱼、小虾等,但也取食干鱼,以及面包、专用饲料、白菜等;②红嘴鸥昼夜取食,全天食物总消耗量随食物类别增多而增加,为14.4~118.6g/d,平均(62.67±30.10)g/d,但受取食行为及食物可口性的影响;③红嘴鸥有群体取食特点,少数个体的取食诱导,导致某种食物或者某天的食物日消耗量增大;④改变食物构成时,红嘴鸥要经过1~2d的取食试探才能正常取食,短期饥饿弱化了这种试探过程;⑤食物不是影响越冬红嘴鸥体重的惟一因素,圈养提供了充足的食物但其体重减少,而同期野外红嘴鸥的体重则从274g增加到369g。作者认为,在滇池地区越冬红嘴鸥取食大量面包和专用饲料是对食物短缺胁迫的适应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The food impact on the wintering Black-headed Gull(Larus ridibundus) in the region of Lake Dianchi,Southwest China,became a serious issue.In order to find their food selection,18 Black-headed Gulls were fed with 2-6 kinds of food during the 4 experimental stages in 2 large cages for 28 days and returned to the wildness.The results indicated that ① the Black-headed Gull preferred to feed on fresh loach,small fish and shrimp,but also took dry fish,bread,special food and cabbage;② the food consumption,62.67±30.10 g/d averagely and changing from 14.4 g/d to 118.6 g/d,increased when more kinds of food supplied but influenced by the foraging behavior and food edibility;③ the colony forage behavior was usually induced by few individuals,resulting in the increase of some kinds or total food consumption;④ the Black-headed Gull fed less food for 1 or 2 days before regularly forage when food composition changed,which was weaken if they suffered from 24 hour hunger;⑤ the body weight of caged Black-headed Gull decreased while that of wild ones increased during the experiment period, which implied that food supply was only one of factors influencing body weight growth.The authors argued that the wintering Black-headed Gull in the region of Lake Dianchi was forced to take a large amount of bread and special food provided by human beings to meet the lack of animal food in wildness. |
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