北京圆明园遗址公园鸟类组成
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自然之友观鸟组圆明园鸟类本底调查项目;北京林业大学教改研究项目;林业科技支撑计划项目(No.2008BADB0B0404)


The Construction of Birds in Yuanmingyuan Relic Park,Beijing
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    摘要:

    2002年10月至2008年12月,对北京圆明园遗址公园进行了219次鸟类调查,共记录到鸟类15目47科217种,旅鸟119种,夏候鸟57种,留鸟42种,冬候鸟20种,迷鸟1种,逃逸鸟3种,其中国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生鸟类26种,水鸟60种。小鸊(Tachybaptus ruficollis)、绿头鸭(Anas platyrhynchos)和乌鸫(Turdus merula)已成为北京地区留鸟,斑嘴鸭(A.poecilorhyncha zonorhyncha)、绿翅鸭(A.crecca)、红胁蓝尾鸲(Tarsiger cyanurus)和黄腰柳莺(Phylloscopus proregulus)为冬候鸟,雀鹰(Accipiter nisus)除作为旅鸟外还是夏候鸟和冬候鸟。圆明园水域生态的复杂性和水生植物的多样性对鸟类群落的影响较大;近年清理杂草及灌木导致鹀科鸟类和棕头鸦雀(Paradoxornis webbianus)的数量明显减少。

    Abstract:

    From October 2002 to December 2008,219 times of surveys were conducted on the bird structure of Yuanmingyuan Relic Park,Beijing. Totally 217 bird species of 15 orders,47 families were recorded. Among them,119 species belong to migrants,57 species belong to summer bird,42 species belong to resident,20 species belong to winter birds,1 species belongs to vagrant and 3 species were escaped bird. There were 26 bird species in Yuanmingyuan are listed as second class of China National Protected Wildlife. The little grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis),mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and Eurasian blackbird (Turdus merula) were recorded as residents in Beijing and the Chinese Spot-billed duck (A. poecilorhyncha zonorhyncha),common teal (A. crecca),Orange-flanked bush robin (Tarsiger cyanurus) and Pallas’s leaf warbler (Phylloscopus proregulus) were recorded as winter birds. Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) was not only migrant bird but also recorded as wintering and summering in Beijing. The wetland complexity and hydrophyte plant diversity affect the bird structure in Yuanmingyuan Park. In the recent years,the clear up of weeds and shrubs caused the decrease of buntings (Emberizidae) and Vinous-throted parrotbills (Paradoxornis webbianus).

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陈志强,付建平,赵欣如,丁长青.2010.北京圆明园遗址公园鸟类组成.动物学杂志,45(4):21-30.

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  • 收稿日期:2010-02-04
  • 最后修改日期:2010-05-27
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