| 汪焕,胡玉婷,江河,段国庆,凌俊,潘庭双,周华兴,陈小雷,侯冠军.2020.安徽省淮河水系短颌鲚群体遗传多样性.动物学杂志,55(6):760-767. |
| 安徽省淮河水系短颌鲚群体遗传多样性 |
| The Genetic Diversity of Coilia brachygnathus in the Huaihe River Basin of Anhui Province |
| 投稿时间：2020-05-20 修订日期：2020-10-28 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202006009 |
| 中文关键词: 短颌鲚 淮河 微卫星DNA 遗传多样性 遗传结构 |
| 英文关键词:Coilia brachygnathus Huaihe River Microsatellite DNA Genetic diversity Genetic structure |
| 基金项目:安徽省农业科学院水产种质资源评价与保护创新团队项目（No. 2020YL038），安徽省水产产业技术体系项目（皖农科[2016]84号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 短颌鲚（Coilia brachygnathus）是一种小型经济鱼类，同时也是大型肉食性鱼类和江豚（Neophocaena phocaenoides）的饵料，在食物链中占据重要地位，受过度捕捞、环境污染以及栖息地破坏等多种因素的影响，短颌鲚野生资源面临严重威胁。目前有关淮河短颌鲚遗传资源的数据仍然缺乏。本研究采用微卫星分子标记对安徽省淮河水系短颌鲚5个群体进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示，10个微卫星位点在所有短颌鲚样本中均具有高度多态性，多态信息含量（PIC）0.852 ~ 0.942；5个短颌鲚群体均显示出较高的遗传多样性水平，期望杂合度He为0.879 ~ 0.903，多态信息含量（PIC）0.851 ~ 0.881。分子方差分析（AMOVA）显示，大多数遗传变异存在于群体内（97.88%），群体间的遗传变异仅为2.12%。5个群体遗传分化水平较低（Fst < 0.05），其中，遗传分化系数最小的是浍河和颍河群体（Fst = 0.004 ）且二者间遗传距离最近（Da = 0.161）；遗传分化系数最大的是凤台和王家坝群体（Fst = 0.041）且其间遗传距离最远（Da = 0.560）。群体遗传结构分析表明，5个短颌鲚群体可划分为3个组群。5个群体都可能经历过瓶颈效应，尤其是怀远和凤台群体。但安徽省淮河水系短颌鲚仍具有较高的遗传多样性，具有潜在的开发与利用价值，建议将其作为一个保护单元进行保护和管理。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As a small economic fish for human consumption, as well as a bait for large carnivorous fish and Neophocaena phocaenoides, Coilia brachygnathus occupies an important position in the food chain. Under the influence of various factors such as overfishing, environmental pollution, and habitat destruction, the wild resources of C. brachygnathus are under serious threat. However, up to date, there is still a lack of data on the genetic resources of C. brachygnathus in Huaihe River. In the present study, genetic diversity was analyzed in five C. brachygnathus populations from the Huaihe River basin of Anhui Province by microsatellite test (Fig. 1). The results showed that 10 microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic and polymorphism information content (PIC) was from 0.852 to 0.942. The five populations showed high genetic diversity, with the expected heterozygosity (He) from 0.879 to 0.903 and PIC from 0.851 to 0.881 (Table 1, 2). AMOVA analysis showed that most of the genetic variationa were found within C. brachygnathus population (97.88%), while only 2.12% was found among populations (Table 3). Genetic differentiation and genetic distance analysis showed that the overall differentiation level was low (Fst < 0.05), Fst between Huihe River and Yinghe River populations was lowest at 0.004 45, while that between Fengtai and Wangjiaba was the highest at 0.041 02. The genetic distance between Huihe River and Yinghe River population was the lowest at 0.160 9, while that between Fengtai and Wangjiaba population was the highest at 0.559 5 (Table 4, Fig. 2). The population genetic structure analysis based on Structure software indicated that the 5 populations belong to 3 genetic lineages (Fig. 3). In addition, the five C. brachygnathus populations might experience the bottleneck effect, especially in the Huaiyuan and Fengtai populations (Table 5). In conclusion, the wild resources still have high genetic diversity, according to the genetic structure of the five C. brachygnathus populations in the Huaihe River basin of Anhui Province, which we recommend to be one protection unit for protection and management. The results of the present study may enhance the understanding of C. brachygnathus populations in the Huaihe River, which will provide reference for the resource conservation and genetic improvement, and promote sustainable development and utilization of fish resources in the Huaihe River region. |
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