| 郑飞,郭弘艺,唐文乔,李辉华,刘东,刘至治.2012.溯河洄游的长江刀鲚种群的年龄结构及其生长特征.动物学杂志,47(5):24-31. |
| 溯河洄游的长江刀鲚种群的年龄结构及其生长特征 |
| Age Structure and Growth Characteristics of Anadromous Populations of Coilia nasus in the Yangtze River |
| 投稿时间：2012-03-31 修订日期：2012-07-17 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 刀鲚 洄游种群 年龄结构 生长特征 长江 |
| 英文关键词:Coilia nasus Anadromous population Age structure Growth characteristics Yangtze River |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项(No.201203065),青草沙水库邻近水域生态修复专项,国家自然科学基金项目(No.31172407),上海海洋大学博士启动基金项目(No.B-8812-10-0193) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 溯江产卵洄游中的刀鲚 (Coilia nasus) 是目前长江最名贵的水产品之一。本文分析了2009年4~5月采自长江九段沙、靖江和芜湖3个江段的299尾洄游型刀鲚样本。结果显示,3个种群的体长为15.8~32.8 cm,平均(23.3±3.5)cm,18.0~24.0 cm体长组占总数的52.51%。体重为11.83~143.80 g,平均(48.19±24.89)g,10.00~50.00 g体重组占总数的59.53%。芜湖种群的体长和体重均显著小于九段沙和靖江种群(ANOVA, P=0.000<0.01)。299尾个体包括1~4龄4个年龄组,其中51.28%的九段沙个体和53.97%的靖江个体均为3龄;而多达85.26%的芜湖个体则为2龄。不论体长、体重还是年龄结构,已较20世纪70年代同江段渔获物有明显下降。结果还显示,九段沙、靖江和芜湖种群的性比分别为1:1.28、1:1.46和1:1.97,显示出沿长江往上性比逐渐增加的现象。3个种群的平均丰满度为0.35±0.05,但即使是在同龄组,靖江种群的丰满度也显著高于芜湖和九段沙种群,这可作为刀鲚在这一江段最名贵高价的一种解释。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Coilia nasus is one of the most important commercial anadromous spawning fishes in Yangtze River.In this study we analyzed the age structure and body length on 299 specimens collected at three localities,Jiuduansha (JDS) in Shanghai City,Jingjiang (JJ) in Jiangsu Province,Wuhu (WH) in Anhui Province,from April to May 2009.The results showed that the body length (BL) of C.nasus were 15.8 to 32.8 cm (average 23.3±3.5 cm),52.51% of the specimens were between 18.0 and 24.0 cm.The body weight (BW) varied from 11.83 to 143.80 g with average of 48.19±24.89 g, 59.53% of them weighted from 10.00 to 50.00 g.The body length and body weight of WH population was smallest (ANOVA, P=0.000<0.01). The 299 specimens were aged in 4 classes. Of 51.28% and 53.97% of specimens in JDS and JJ population were aged at 3, respectively. In contract,85.26% of specimen in WH population was aged at 2. Compared to the fishes harvested in 1970s, in the same section in Yangtze River, the values of BL, BW and age of the studied specimens were declined dramatically.The overall sex ratio (♀:♂) was 1:1.57,however, the sex ratio varied between populations, i.e. 1:1.28 for JDS population, 1:1.46 for JJ population and 1:1.97 for WH population, indicated a gradually increase trend of sex ratio along Yangtze River upwards.The average fatness of all specimens were 0.35±0.05,and the maximum value was recorded in JJ population in specimen with same age.The higher fatness of JJ population may explain why fish C.nasus harvested in JJ had a highest commercially value. |
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