| 居·扎西桑俄,果洛·周杰.2013.藏鹀的自然历史、威胁和保护.动物学杂志,48(1):28-35. |
| 藏鹀的自然历史、威胁和保护 |
| Study on the Tibetan Bunting: Distribution, Population, Breeding Information and Conservation |
| 投稿时间：2012-07-31 修订日期：2012-11-29 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 藏鹀 种群调查 生活史 保护措施 |
| 英文关键词:Tibetan Bunting (Emberiza koslowi) Population investigation Life history Conservation approach |
| 基金项目:世界自然基金会(WWF);欧盟-中国生物多样性项目(ECBP)和山水自然保护中心提供经费支持 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 藏鹀(Emberiza koslowi)是我国青藏高原东部的特有珍稀鸟种,目前关于它的资料非常匮乏。为了解藏鹀的分布、数量和基本生活史特征,促进对于该物种的有效保护,自2005年起以青海省果洛州久治县白玉乡为中心对藏鹀进行了持续6年的观察,并针对其面临的威胁采取了相应的保护措施。结果显示,藏鹀主要分布在青海的玉树、果洛和四川的阿坝一带海拔3 500~4 700 m范围内的适宜栖息地,该分布区比原有认知更靠东北,更为狭小且海拔更高。用样线法开展的藏鹀数量监测,在7.4 km2的调查范围内记录到一个18~33只的稳定种群。此外,还对藏鹀的筑巢、育雏和争斗等行为进行了详细描述。食肉动物的捕食、冬季食物缺乏和牲畜踩踏鸟卵是藏鹀面临的最直接威胁。通过持续监测、与当地牧民协商、建立保护小区并开展有针对性的保护,藏鹀种群趋于稳定。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Tibetan Bunting (Emberiza koslowi) is a poorly known bird endemic to eastern Tibetan Plateau. In order to understand its distribution, population and life history, since 2005 a six-year long observation has been conducted around Baiyu of Jiuzhi County, Golok Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province. Results show that the distribution range of Tibetan Bunting is around 3 500-4 700 meters above sea level and mainly in Yushu and Golok of Qinghai as well as a small region in A’ba of Sichuan. Compared with previous knowledge, this range is at a higher altitude, and more northeast and restricted. Using line transect method, a stable population of 18-33 individuals has been identified in a 7.4 km2 study site. Besides, nesting, breeding and agonistic behaviors of this group are described in detail. Major threats posed on Tibetan Bunting are found to be predation by carnivores, food insufficiency during winter and eggs being trampled by livestock. Since long-term monitoring has been conducted, we find that the population has been stabilizing through establishing community conserved area and working with local herdsmen on targeted conservation actions. |
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