| 龚宴安,许竟成,黄松,黄汝怡,李佳琦,江永强,杨典成,余婧,章艺,李文静.2023.中国安徽省祁门县大鲵属一新种（两栖纲：隐鳃鲵科）.动物学杂志,58(5):651-657. |
| 中国安徽省祁门县大鲵属一新种（两栖纲：隐鳃鲵科） |
| A New Species of the Giant Salamander of the Genus Andrias from Qimeng, Anhui, China (Amphibia:Cryptorchiidae) |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-03 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202305002 |
| 中文关键词: 祁门大鲵 黄山 指式 |
| 英文关键词:Andrias cheni sp. nov. Huangshan Finger lengths formula |
| 基金项目:安徽师范大学博士科研启动基金项目(No. 752017)，国家自然科学基金项目(No. 31471968)，安徽省教育厅研究生科研项目(No. YJS20210190)，祁门县生物多样性调查与评估项目； |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 中国大鲵(Andrias davidianus)是世界上最大的两栖动物，曾在中国广泛分布。前期的3项分子遗传学研究表明：黄山的中国大鲵种群存在独特的遗传分化，是一个未被描述的物种。这3项研究中的分子数据均基于本文通讯作者1995年之前采自中国安徽省黄山市祁门县的原生大鲵标本。本文基于形态学比较，将1995年以前本文通讯作者在祁门县采集的11个大鲵标本描述为大鲵属一新种：祁门大鲵(Andrias cheni sp. nov.)。我们测量了11个标本的25个形态特征，并与大鲵属的其他物种进行比较。祁门大鲵与大鲵属其他物种可通过以下特征进行区分：(1)头躯扁平，头长略大于头宽，头宽/头长(HW/HL)比为0.80 ~ 0.98；(2)头部和下颌相对光滑，有不规则排列的小结节；(3)颈部侧褶与体褶不连续；(4)第三指比第一指长，指式Ⅰ< Ⅳ < Ⅲ < Ⅱ；(5)四肢粗而短，后肢比前肢长，前肢长/后肢长(FLL/PLL)比为0.78 ~ 0.96；(6)尾部肌肉发达，基部粗大，后部和上部逐渐变平，尾长约为总长度的1/3。经形态比较，本研究将祁门大鲵描述为新种，大鲵属物种增加到5个。本文提供了相对完备的形态数据，可为后续大鲵野生谱系的资源保护、人工种群遗传管理和增殖放流等提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objectives] The Chinese Giant Salamanders, the largest amphibian in the world, wear once widely distributed in China. Previous three molecular studies showed that the Huangshan population of Chinese Giant Salamander has unique differentiation, and is an undescribed species. The molecular data of the three molecular studies were based on the indigenous Chinese Giant Salamander specimens collected by the corresponding author from Qimen County, Huangshan City, Anhui Province, China before 1995. In the present study, based on the morphological characteristics, we describe 11 specimens collected by the corresponding author before 1995 in Qimen County as a new species: Andrias cheni sp. nov. [Methods] The 25 morphological characteristics of the 11 specimens were measured, and compared with those of the species of the genus Andrias. [Results] The new species distinguished by a combination of the following characters: (1) the head and torso are flat, head slightly longer than wide, and the HW/HL ratio was 0.80 to 0.98 (Table 1); (2) head and lower jaw relatively smooth, with small tubercles arranged irregularly; (3) lateral neck fold discontinuous with body fold at forelimb insertion; (4) finger Ⅲ longer than finger I, finger lengths formula Ⅰ < Ⅳ < Ⅲ <Ⅱ; (5) limbs are thick and short, and the hind limbs are longer than the fore limbs, and the FLL/PLL ratio was 0.78﹣0.96; (6) the tail is muscular, thick at base, gradually flattening posteriorly, and distally, the tail length is about 1/3 of the total length. [Conclusion] In the present study, morphological comparisons were used to describe the Qimen Giant Salamander as a new species, then the number of the species in the genus Andrias was increased to five. This study provided relatively complete morphological data, which could provide references for the resource conservations of wild lineages, genetic management of artificial populations, and artificial breeding and releasing. |
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