[Objectives] This study aims to investigate the histological changes in the scent glands of Forest Musk Deer (Moschus berezovskii) by comparing gland structures at different ages and secretion periods. [Methods] Scent glands from six male Forest Musk Deer were investigated (Table 1), comprising one 2-year-old specimen during the secreting period and one specimen each of 6-month, 2-year, 4-year, 6-year, and 8-year-old during the non-secreting period. Morphological observations and histological structure comparisons were conducted using gross dissection, paraffin sectioning techniques, and conventional H.E staining methods. One-way ANOVA was employed to assess the variation in glandular follicle diameter among five non-secreting musk deer at different ages. The differences in glandular follicle diameters between the lactating and non-secreting 2-year-old musk were analyzed by independent samples t-test. [Results] Our findings showed that the musk gland of Forest Musk Deer is located between the navel and genitals, 4.5 cm away from the scrotum (Fig. 1a). Functionally, it is divided into sac and gland, with the perfume gland tissue being responsible for musk secretion (Fig. 1b). The glandular tissue, responsible for secreting musk fluid, consists of visible white granules embedded deep within the muscular layer of the glandular region, encircling the neck of the musk sac (Fig. 2). Six-month-old Forest Musk Deer possess a mature glandular structure, but the glandular epithelium remains in a resting state (Fig. 3f). In adulthood, the number of acini increases. During the scenting period, acini are compressed into clusters, and the free surfaces of the epithelium become disrupted and disordered. More pronounced granular secretions and cellular debris are mixed in the cavity (Fig. 3a). Non-secreting acini diameters are significantly larger than those during secreting periods (P < 0.01), with no significant difference observed among 4-year-old, 6-year-old, and 8-year-old acini (P > 0.05) (Table 2). At 2 years old, acini exhibit a tightly arranged elliptical shape (Fig. 3b); at 4 years old or older, acini are compressed into irregular clusters with granules visible in the cavity (Fig. 3c﹣e). [Conclusion] Changes in the glandular structure of Forest Musk Deer reflect the interplay between scent secretion abilities and growth periods.