| 冉全,徐玉成,邢洁,于汉,徐鹏翔,张春光,张洁.2021.白令海黄线狭鳕的生活史特征及资源利用状态.动物学杂志,56(2):229-239. |
| 白令海黄线狭鳕的生活史特征及资源利用状态 |
| The Life-history Traits and Utilization Status of Gadus chalcogrammus in the Bering Sea |
| 投稿时间：2020-10-15 修订日期：2021-03-13 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202102008 |
| 中文关键词: 黄线狭鳕 年龄和生长 白令海 生活史 资源利用评价 |
| 英文关键词:Gadus chalcogrammus Age and growth Bering Sea Life-history traits Resource utilization evaluation |
| 基金项目:国家海洋局极地考察办公室南极鱼类多样性及非南极物种习性调查项目（No. JDXT2018-3） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究以采自白令海峡的230尾黄线狭鳕（Gadus chalcogrammus）为测量样本，运用联合国粮农组织FAO推荐的渔业资源评估软件FISAT Ⅱ，研究其年龄及生长特征；进一步分析了该物种近40年的历史捕捞量，并对白令海峡种群的资源利用状态进行了综合评估。结果表明，全长优势组主要集中在41.3 ~ 54.8 cm，空壳重优势组为422.74 ~ 782.74 g。在生长过程中，雌性和雄性并无显著性差异。鱼体空壳重（W）和全长（L）的关系为W = 0.045608L2.46，von Bertalanffy生长方程渐近全长L∞为74.86 cm，渐近空壳重W∞为1 860.78 g，生长系数K为0.17；总死亡系数Z为0.67，捕捞死亡系数F为0.40，开发率E为0.59。此开发率虽然高于0.5，但远低于我国目前沿海的带鱼（Trichiurus japonicus）和银鲳（Pampus argenteus）等重要的经济鱼类，捕捞压力较近海为轻。通过分析过去40年的历史捕鱼量，我们进一步对该物种的利用状况进行了综合评价，捕捞量的监测和分析显示，得益于国际组织对远洋渔业的监管，黄线狭鳕种群资源的利用相较于20世纪末更趋于合理化、规范化和制度化。本研究为制定或采取与国际接轨的远洋渔业监管策略，促进中国远洋渔业健康可持续发展提供了重要的科学信息。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A total of 230 Walleye Pollock, Gadus chalcogrammus, were collected from the Bering Sea. The population was assessed for age, growth, and mortality by using the software FISATⅡ, a fishery resource assessment software recommended by FAO. From our result, total lengths varied from 41.3 cm to 54.8 cm, and the eviscerated weights ranged between 422.74 g and 782.74 g were the dominant groups, respectively. There was no significant correlation between sex and growth (the relationship between sex and length-weight was W = 0.045608L2.46); von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L∞ = 74.86 cm, W∞ = 1 860.78 g, K = 0.17, and t0 = 0.77. The total instantaneous mortality (Z) was estimated at 0.67, whereas the corresponding estimate of fishing mortality (F) was at 0.40. The population appeared to have been moderately exploited at an exploitation rate (E) of 0.59. We further made a comprehensive assessment of the utilization status of this species by analyzing the historical catch of the past 40 years (Fig. 6), and found that the current utilization status of the Walleye Pollock population has become more rational, standardized, and institutionalized than the end of the 20th century, which could be attributed to the regulation of pelagic fishery international organizations. Although the exploitation rate of G. chalcogrammus is above 0.5, it is far lower when compared with the economically important fish species, such as Trichiurus japonicus and Pampus argenteus which are currently caught in the coastal areas of China. To promote China's pelagic fishery healthy and sustainable development, continuous monitoring of various species with high economical value are highly suggested. |
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