| 陆源鸿,余杨骏,姜传奇,邹璟轩,陈启明,陈立燚,苏明颜,郭静颖,徐勤辉,袁发浒,刘锴,冯金梅.2022.显微观察中国荷斯坦牛瘤胃纤毛虫的物种多样性.动物学杂志,57(3):383-391. |
| 显微观察中国荷斯坦牛瘤胃纤毛虫的物种多样性 |
| Microscopic Observation Reveals Ciliate Species Diversity in the Rumen of Chinese Holstein Cattle |
| 投稿时间：2021-11-23 修订日期：2022-05-03 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202203007 |
| 中文关键词: 原生动物 瘤胃纤毛虫 物种多样性 |
| 英文关键词:Protozoa Rumen ciliates Species diversity |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No. 32070420） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 瘤胃纤毛虫是反刍动物瘤胃微生物的重要组成部分，在维持瘤胃微生态和对宿主动物供能等方面起重要作用。本研究采集5头中国荷斯坦牛（Bos taurus）瘤胃液样品固定染色，而后通过光学显微镜计数瘤胃纤毛虫的密度和属的组成及组成比，并对其中常见属进行观察和特征描述，旨在了解中国荷斯坦牛瘤胃纤毛虫的物种多样性，为反刍动物的瘤胃内纤毛虫生物多样性研究提供资料。结果发现，中国荷斯坦牛瘤胃纤毛虫在瘤胃液中的平均密度为（3.2 ± 3.4）× 108个/L，共检出13属瘤胃纤毛虫，其中检出率最高的3个属依次为内毛属（Entodinium）、单甲属（Eremoplastron）和双毛属（Diplodinium），检出率最低的3个属依次为鞘甲属（Elytroplastron）、后毛属（Metadinium）和多甲属（Polyplastron）。内毛属是中国荷斯坦牛瘤胃液中最主要的属，其平均组成比为84.0% ± 10.2%，而其他属的组成比都低于5%。本研究表明，中国荷斯坦牛瘤胃液中瘤胃纤毛虫具有丰富的物种多样性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rumen ciliates are important components of rumen microorganisms and play an important role in maintaining rumen microecology and supplying energy to the host animal. [Objectives] This study aims to clarify rumen ciliate species diversity in Holstein cows. [Methods] In this study, rumen fluid samples of five healthy mid-lactation Chinese Holstein (Bos taurus) cows were collected. For each cow, three samples were collected, and each sample includes 2 ml of rumen fluid which were fixed and stained with 8 ml MFS (methyl-green-formalin-saline) solution. The density of rumen ciliates was counted by hemocytometer: The sample was gently shaken repeatedly, and 6.5 μl of samples were immediately aspirated onto a hemocytometer plate (size: XB.K.25) to fill the counting cell, covered with a clean coverslip for 5-10 min, and the density of rumen ciliates was counted under a 10 × 10 microscope (NEXCOPE NE610, USA). Each sample was randomly counted 6 times. And the means and standard deviation of the acquired data were calculated. Total genera and percentage composition of genera of rumen ciliates were counted under light microscopy: The sample was gently shaken repeatedly, 20 μl was pipetted onto a clean slide with coverslip and 300 rumen ciliates cells were counted under a 10 × 40 microscope. The number of rumen ciliates of different genera was recorded. Each sample was randomly counted 3 times. The percentage composition of genera (%) was obtained by counting the number of each genus out of the total 300 rumen ciliates in each count and then the mean and standard deviation were calculated; the frequency of detectable genera (%) was calculated from the frequency of each genus in the total times of counts. We observed and described the common genera of rumen ciliates in the rumen of Chinese Holstein (Fig. 1), aiming to understand the rumen ciliates biodiversity [Results] The results show that the average density of ciliates in rumen fluid of Chinese Holstein was (3.2 ± 3.4) × 108 ind/L, and 13 genera of rumen ciliates were identified. Table 1 shows the results of density (× 108 ind/L) and total genera of rumen ciliates in five Chinese Holsteins. Table 2 reveals the results of the frequency of detectable genera (%) and percentage composition of genera (%) in five Chinese Holsteins. Of which three genera with the highest frequency of detection were Entodinium, Eremoplastron and Diplodinium, and three genera with the lowest frequency of detection were Elytroplastron, Metadinium and Polyplastron. In terms of the percentage composition of genera, Entodinium was the most abundant genus in the rumen fluid of Chinese Holstein, with an average percentage composition of 84.0% ± 10.2%, while the percentage compositions of all other genera were less than 5%. In Table 3 and Table 4, we also compared the results in the present study with reported data on rumen ciliates of Holstein cattle. [Conclusion] Our results reveal that rumen ciliates in rumen fluid of Chinese Holstein have rich species diversity. |
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