猫儿山两种有尾两栖类消化道嗜银细胞比较观察
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珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室,广西珍稀濒危动物生态学重点实验室

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(No. 31860609),广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(No. 2021KY0059)

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    摘要:

    为探究有尾两栖类消化道内分泌细胞的特点,以分布于猫儿山保护区的猫儿山小鲵(Hynobius maoershanensis)和瑶山肥螈(Pachytriton inexpectatus)为研究对象,采用Grimelius银染法,对二者消化道嗜银细胞的形态特征、分布区域与分布密度进行了比较研究,为有尾两栖类消化道比较组织学和内分泌学研究积累基础资料,并为两栖类消化生理学研究提供形态学数据基础。结果显示,两种动物从食道至直肠均有嗜银细胞分布,分布型都呈波浪形,均在食道处分布密度(个/视野)最高,猫儿山小鲵为2.00 ± 0.69,瑶山肥螈为3.42 ± 0.31,在猫儿山小鲵回肠(1.45 ± 0.50)和瑶山肥螈在直肠(1.63 ± 0.97)分布密度最低。瑶山肥螈消化道各部位嗜银细胞的分布密度都高于猫儿山小鲵,两种动物嗜银细胞分布密度在食道、贲门、十二指肠和回肠中差异显著,但在胃体、幽门和直肠中差异不显著。对同一物种消化道不同部位嗜银细胞进行比较,猫儿山小鲵及瑶山肥螈的嗜银细胞分布密度高峰均出现在食道,其中,猫儿山小鲵食道与十二指肠、回肠、直肠差异显著(P < 0.05),瑶山肥螈食道与其他各部位差异显著(P < 0.05)。嗜银细胞形状多样,有圆形、椭圆形、锥形和梭形等,可分为闭合型和开放型细胞。猫儿山小鲵生活环境多为沼泽地,富含淤泥、落叶,喜食蛙类蝌蚪、蚯蚓等个体较小且易消化的食物,瑶山肥螈生活环境为石块粗砂较多的山溪,以虾、蟹、螺等为食,这两种动物消化道嗜银细胞的形态特征和分布密度各具自身特点,可能与其生境及食性等因素有关。

    Abstract:

    [Objectives] In order to explore the characteristics of the endocrine cells of the digestive tract of the urodele amphibians, we studied the morphological characteristics, distribution area, and distribution density of argyrophilic cells in the digestive tract amphibians of Hynobius maoershanensis and Pachytriton inexpectatus in the Maoershan Nature Reserve. The present study should accumulate basic information for comparative histology and endocrinology studies of the urodele amphibian digestive tract, and provide a basis for morphological studies of urodele amphibian digestive physiology. [Methods] Each part of the digestive tract was separated by anatomical means, and the experiment was performed using routine paraffin sectioning, Grimelius staining, block observation, photo counting, and other procedures. The original data were converted into LN logarithm, and all the data were in line with normal distribution after examination. Duncan multiple comparison and one-way analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis of argynophila cells in different parts of digestive tract (Microsoft Excel 2016 and SPSS26.0 software), and results of density distribution were expressed by Mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE). [Results] The results showed that there was undulate distribution of argyrophilic cells in digestive tract from esophagus to rectum of these two animals, and the distribution of density peak appeared in esophagus (H. maoershanensis 2.00 ± 0.69; P. inexpectatus 3.42 ± 0.31), but the lowest densities were in ileum (H. maoershanensis 1.45 ± 0.50) and rectum (P. inexpectatus 1.63 ± 0.97), respectively. The density of argyrophilic cells in each part of digestive tract of P. inexpectatus was higher than that in H. maoershanensis, and the difference is significant in esophagus, cardia, duodenum and ileum, but not in stomach, pylorus and rectum. We compared the argyrophilic cells in different parts of the digestive tract of the same species, the distribution peak of density in both H. maoershanensis and P. inexpectatus were appeared in esophagus, with significant differences were found between Hynobius maoershanensis esophagus and the duodenum, ileum and rectum (P < 0.05), and between the P. inexpectatus esophagus and all other parts (P < 0.05) (Table 1). The argyrophilic cells had various shapes, including round, elliptical, pyramidal, fusiform, etc., which could be divided into two types: closed type and open type (Fig. 1). [Conclusion] H. maoershanensis lives in a swampy environment where rich in silt and fallen leaves, and prefers small and easily digestible foods such as frog tadpoles and earthworms, while P. inexpectatus lives in a rocky and coarse sandy mountain stream and prefers to feed on shrimps, crabs and snails, etc. The morphological characteristics and density of distribution of argyrophilic cells in the digestive tracts of these two species have their own characteristics, which may be related to their habitat and feeding habits.

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崔甄甄,陈毓,宁梅红,杨波,韩丽霞,黄华苑.2022.猫儿山两种有尾两栖类消化道嗜银细胞比较观察.动物学杂志,57(6):905-912.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-12-14
  • 最后修改日期:2022-11-21
  • 录用日期:2022-11-19
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-12-15
  • 出版日期: 2022-12-15