入宅蝙蝠的驱赶策略研究
作者:
作者单位:

1.长春师范大学地理科学学院 长春 130032;2.安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院 芜湖 241000

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基金项目:

吉林省科技厅中央引导地方科技发展项目(No. 202002048JC),国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(No. 31500307),长春师范大学研究生科研创新项目(No.[2022]第002号)


Study on the Strategy of How to Repel a Bat out of Human House
Author:
Affiliation:

1.School of Geographic Science, Changchun Normal University;2.School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University

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    摘要:

    除两极外,蝙蝠在世界各地广泛分布。随着人类活动范围不断扩大,与其接触的风险随之加大,例如蝙蝠飞入人类住宅现象时有发生,但目前缺少对此冲突解决方案的研究。本研究于2021年5至7月在吉林省长春市四家乡采集东方蝙蝠(Vespertilio sinensis)样本,随后将样本放入废弃住宅,将人为驱赶、灯光、噪音3种干扰因素自由组合,设置8种干扰模式,分别为无干扰、仅灯光干扰、灯光加人为驱赶、仅人为驱赶、仅噪音干扰、人为驱赶加噪音干扰、灯光加噪音干扰、人为驱赶加灯光加噪音干扰,每种模式进行7次实验,每次实验放入1只蝙蝠个体并记录其飞出废弃住宅所用时间。结果显示,仅灯光干扰实验中蝙蝠未飞出住宅,其中,使用50 W灯源时2.00 h无飞行行为,使用20 W灯源时超过30.00 min未飞出;多重比较分析结果显示,在无干扰模式中飞出用时最短,平均(5.14 ± 2.41)min;灯光加人为驱赶干扰模式中飞出用时最长,平均(22.71 ± 2.06)min;仅人为驱赶、仅噪音干扰、人为驱赶加噪音干扰、灯光加噪音干扰、人为驱赶加灯光加噪音干扰模式飞出用时无显著差异(P > 0.05),平均(12.60 ± 6.15)min。上述结果表明,不设置任何干扰是使蝙蝠飞出住宅最有效的解决方案。此结论为人类与蝙蝠相处方式的发展提供科学依据和理论基础。

    Abstract:

    [Objectives] Bats are widely distributed around the world except the polar region. With the expansion of the sphere of human activity, the risk of human-bat contact is increasing. It is a common phenomenon in life that bats flying into human houses, however, there is no relevant research on proposing a method to deal with the conflict. [Methods] In this study, Asian Particoloured Bats (Vespertilio sinensis) were collected from May to July 2021 in Sijia Township of Changchun City, Jilin Province, and simulated experiments were conducted in a field laboratory. Three interference factors were set up in this experiment - artificial repel, light and noise. These factors were combined into eight interference patterns, including no interference, only light, light + repel, only repel, only noise, repel + noise, light + noise, repel + light + noise. Seven experiments were performed in each pattern, with an individual bat being put into the field laboratory. We recorded the time of the bats flew out the house and implied R.4.0.4. to carry out the Bonferroni multiple comparisons on eight sets of data. [Results] The results showed that the bats did not fly out the house for more than 30-minute with ‘20 watt bulb’ in the experiment of “Only light interference”, and they did not even fly during 2-hour period in ‘50 watt bulb’ experiment. The results of multiple comparative analysis showed that it took the shortest time for bats to fly out in the pattern of ‘no interference’ (5.14 ± 2.41 min on average), while the longest time was observed in the pattern of “repel + light”, (22.71 ± 2.06 min). Besides, there were no significant differences in the time among other five patterns (P > 0.05; 14.57 ± 7.91 min, 10.14 ± 2.67 min, 14.71 ± 8.71 min, 13.86 ± 7.69 min and 9.71 ± 2.69 min, respectively). [Conclusion] In conclusion, “having no interference” is the most secure and effective solution to drive the bats fly out the human houses. Our study provides a scientific and theoretical basis for the development of the coexistence between human and bats.

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引用本文

朱红靓,杨保东,高志宽,韩雨芙,刘晓美,许振文,卢冠军.2022.入宅蝙蝠的驱赶策略研究.动物学杂志,57(4):521-527.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-15
  • 最后修改日期:2022-06-29
  • 录用日期:2022-06-27
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-08-18
  • 出版日期: