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张宇硕,姚红玉,吴楠,武芳婷,张生,王媛,赵玲玲,贾天赐,吴弘,赵大鹏.2023.不同地理纬度笼养狼肠道菌群多样性比较研究.动物学杂志,58(2):250-262.
不同地理纬度笼养狼肠道菌群多样性比较研究
Comparative Study on Intestinal Flora Diversity of Captive Canis lupus Living at Different Geographical Latitudes
投稿时间:2022-05-19  修订日期:2023-03-15
DOI:10.13859/j.cjz.202302009
中文关键词:  食肉目  肠道菌群  环境差异
英文关键词:Carnivora  Intestinal microbiota  Environmental differences
基金项目:中央财政林业补助资金项目-野生动物监测专项,生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测与评估项目,国家自然科学基金项目(No. 31772468)
作者单位E-mail
张宇硕 天津师范大学生命科学学院 天津 300387 1298623935@qq.com 
姚红玉 天津师范大学生命科学学院 天津 300387 18202676033@163.com 
吴楠 天津师范大学生命科学学院 天津 300387 1184888425@qq.com 
武芳婷 天津师范大学生命科学学院 天津 300387 1041183695@qq.com 
张生 天津市动物园 天津 300381 945816344@qq.com 
王媛 天津市动物园 天津 300381 945816344@qq.com 
赵玲玲 南京市红山森林动物园 南京 210028 916955527@qq.com 
贾天赐 南京市红山森林动物园 南京 210028 916955527@qq.com 
吴弘 天津师范大学生命科学学院 天津 300387 skywuhong@tjnu.edu.cn 
赵大鹏* 天津师范大学生命科学学院 天津 300387 skyzdp@tjnu.edu.cn 
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中文摘要:
      动物肠道菌群关系其健康状态,而菌群组成受到生活环境等因素的影响,探究其中关系有利于更好地进行物种保护。本研究基于非损伤性取样,利用16S rDNA高通量测序技术,开展不同地理纬度笼养国家二级重点保护野生动物狼(Canis lupus)的肠道菌群结构比较和初步功能预测。针对取自天津市动物园(38°88′ N)和南京市红山森林动物园(31°14′ N)两地饲养的狼粪便样本(分别简称为天津样本和南京样本)进行高通量测序,利用生物信息学比较分析两组样本的微生物组成和多样性差异。结果表明:Student’s t和Welch’s t检验显示南京样本的α多样性显著高于天津样本。在门水平上,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)是两组样本中的优势菌门,天津样本中弯曲杆菌门(Campilobacterota)的丰度显著高于南京样本。在属水平上,两组样本的肠道菌群中优势菌属均包括艰难梭菌属(Peptoclostridium)、柯林斯菌属(Collinsella)和狭义梭菌属(Clostridium _sensu_stricto_1)。基于Unweighted UniFrac距离进行PCoA分析,发现天津样本和南京样本的菌群结构存在明显差异。最后,通过PICRUSt分析预测可能的代谢通路,并与两地狼的肠道菌群进行相关性分析。期望本研究结果为该物种饲养种群的异地保护和野生种群的综合管理提供科学参考。
英文摘要:
      [Objectives] Intestinal flora of animals is related to their health, and the composition of flora is affected by many factors including living environment. Exploring the relationship between intestinal flora diversity and living condition is conducive to promoting animal conservation. Based on non-injury sampling and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing, this study compared the intestinal flora structures of captive Canis lupus at two different geographical latitudes. [Methods] High-throughput sequencing by the Illumina Miseq platform was performed on 19 fecal samples of C. lupus collected from Tianjin Zoo (38°88′ N) and Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo (31°14′ N) (Tianjin group and Nanjing group, respectively). Bioinformatics was used to analyze the sequencing and to compare the differences in microbial composition and diversity between two groups. Student’s t test and Welch’s t test were used to detect the difference in the Alpha diversity, while the Beta diversity was analyzed by principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) based on weighted and unweighted UniFrac distances. Functional prediction analysis was used to predict the metabolic pathways and explore the correlation with the intestinal microbiota of C. lupus of both groups. [Results] After OTU clustering according to 97% similarity (Fig. 1), the microbial composition was analyzed between two groups. At the phyla level, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla in two groups, and the abundance of Campilobacterota in Tianjin group was higher than that in Nanjing group (Fig. 2). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Peptostreptococcus in Nanjing group was significantly higher than that in Tianjin group (Fig. 3). Peptoclostridium, Collinsella and Clostridium _sensu_stricto_1 were the dominant genus for both groups (Fig. 4). Both the Alpha diversity indices (Shannon index) (Fig. 5, 6) and PCoA analysis based on unweighted UniFrac distance revealed significant group differences in intestinal flora structure (Fig. 7). The main functions of intestinal microbiota of two groups were basically the same (Fig. 8). [Conclusion] The intestinal flora diversity of Nanjing group was significantly higher than that of Tianjin group. Different feeding environment directly affects the diversity and relative abundance of intestinal flora. The findings in this study provide basic scientific reference for both the conservation of captive population and the comprehensive management of wild population in this species.
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