A study about the nest selection and breeding ecology of a poorly-known rare species Blackthroat was carried out in Foping national nature reserve from April to July 2013.Line transect methodology was used to find male birds, territory and the nest. Nest sites were investigated by quadrat sampling method. The results showed that Blackthroat built nests in coniferous forest and coniferous broadleaved forest with dense bamboos at the elevation ranging from 2050 m to 2475 m. Two nest of Luscnia obscura were found and be measured. The results showed that the Luscnia obscura were first observed in Foping in early may. The nest were in horizontal natural soil hole on the steep slope below coniferous forest and coniferous broadleaved forest with dense bamboos. The nest consists of bamboo leaves, grass, moss etc. The average external dimensions of nest were 100.37± 4.00 mm length, 97.08± 5.22 mm width. The average internal dimensions of nest were 68.62± 1.69 mm length, 64.81± 0.74 mm width, and 36.07± 0.30 mm deep. We measure and collect data from 10 eggs from 2 nests. Average Clutch size was 5± 0.00 eggs. On average, eggs were 18.37± 0.08 mm long, 13.95± 0.15 mm wide, and 1.91± 0.05 g at laying. Incubation by female parents lasted 12～13 days. The hatching proportion was 0.60 ( n= 10 eggs). The survival rate was 0.50 ( n= 6). The nursing period was 11 days ( n= 1). The growth of body weight and length were fit with Logistic equation.