上海地区重引入獐野放后的活动规律
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华东师范大学生命科学学院 上海 200062,上海市野生动植物保护管理站,上海市野生动植物保护管理站,上海市松江区林业站,上海市松江区林业站,华东师范大学生命科学学院 上海 200062,上海市松江区林业站,华东师范大学生命科学学院 上海

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国家自然科学基金项目(31401985);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字(2007)第3-6号);浦东新区科技发展基金项目(No.PKJ2006-N06)


The Activity pattern of Reintroduced Chinese Water Deerafter release in Shanghai,China
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School of Life Sciences,East China Normal University,Department of Wildlife Protection Administration, Shanghai,Department of Wildlife Protection Administration, Shanghai,Forestry Station of Songjiang, Shanghai,Forestry Station of Songjiang, Shanghai,School of Life Sciences,East China Normal University,Forestry Station of Songjiang, Shanghai,School of Life Sciences,East China Normal University

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    摘要:

    野生动物的规律性活动受外界环境和内在生理机制的共同作用,对野生动物的活动规律进行研究是实施科学保护的基础。本文采用无线电遥测技术对重引入上海松江浦南林地和上海滨江森林公园的6只獐(Hydropotes inermis)的活动规律强度和节律了研究,并分析了人为活动对獐活动规律的影响。松江浦南林地3只野放獐的活动强度均值为144.88 m/h,昼间活动强度略低于夜间,从夏季到次年春季活动强度依次降低,春季显著低于其他季节。獐在松江浦南林地每日清晨(5:00 ~ 8:00时)和黄昏后(18:00 ~ 21:00时)出现活动高峰,午后(13:00 ~ 15:00时)存在小活动高峰,只有秋季存在凌晨活动小高峰,夏季和秋季的晨昏型活动节律明显。上海滨江森林公园的3只野放獐活动强度均值为69.90 m/h,昼间活动强度略高于夜间,冬季活动强度显著高于春季。獐在上海滨江森林公园并未表现出明显的晨昏型活动节律,活动高峰出现在接近正午时段(9:00 ~ 11:00时),尤其是冬季的雄性。人工投食、游客干扰等人为活动已经对野放獐的活动规律产生了影响。

    Abstract:

    The activity pattern of wild animals are influenced by both the external environment and the internal physiological mechanism. The research on the activity pattern of wild animals is one of the bases of scientific conservation. Daily activity rhythm and activity intensity of six reintroduced Chinese water deer (Hydropotes inermis) have been studied by radio-telemetry in Songjiang Punan Woodland and Shanghai Binjiang Forest Park. Through radio tracking, individuals were located by the walk-in technique. All movement fixes were processed by Locate III and ArcGIS Map 9.2. We analyzed the impact of human activities on the activity pattern of the deer. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of data and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the mean activity intensity of different individuals, day and night, and different seasons. The results showed that in Songjiang Punan Woodland, the average activity intensity of the three deer was 144.88 m/h. The activity intensity in the daytime was slightly higher than that at night, and decreased from summer to the next spring (Table.1).,The activity intensity of spring was significantly lower than other seasons by Mann-Whitney U test. The activity intensity of June was the highest and March was the lowest (Fig.1). The individual mean activity intensity of the deer also decreased from June to March (Fig.2). Two obvious activity peaks were found in the morning (5:00 ~ 8:00) and the evening (18:00 ~ 21:00). Another small peak was found after noon (13:00 ~ 15:00) (Fig.3 and Fig.4). The small active peak before dawn could only be found in autumn. The deer showed a clearer crepuscular behaviour in summer and autumn (Fig.5). In Shanghai Binjiang Forest Park, the average activity intensity of the three deer was 69.90 m/h. The activity intensity in the daytime was slightly lower than that at night (Table.2). It was significantly higher in winter than in spring, and decreased from December to May (Fig.6 and Fig.7). The deer didn’t show clear crepuscular behaviour (Fig.8). The activity peak was only found near midday (9:00 ~ 11:00), especially for the male in winter (Fig.9 and Fig.10). It was assumed that artificial feeding, tourists and other human activities had influenced the activity pattern of the released deer.

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何鑫,裴恩乐,袁晓,徐桂林,沈国平,张恩迪,蔡锋,陈珉.2016.上海地区重引入獐野放后的活动规律.动物学杂志,51(1):1-13.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-03-06
  • 最后修改日期:2016-01-07
  • 录用日期:2015-08-24
  • 在线发布日期: 2016-01-15
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