黑嘴端凤头燕鸥北方群体初析
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Prelim of the Northern Flock of the Chinese Crested Tern
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    摘要:

    黑嘴端凤头燕鸥(Thalasseus bernsteini),今又称中华凤头燕鸥,因其群体数量殊微自鸟种受胁状态定量评估以来一直被视为极危物种。尽管近些年来只观测报道了该种在台湾海峡和大舟山群岛的两个群体,作者2010年撰文指出应视其北方群体依然存在。2016年8月8日,韩国政府发布公报称,在韩国西南部的近海无人岛屿上观察记录到有黑嘴端凤头燕鸥繁殖,同年自8月初至9月上旬,在中国江苏如东和山东胶州湾相继发现记录到黑嘴端凤头燕鸥成鸟引领当年幼鸟并成鸟结小群停歇的多起实例。据此,对黑嘴端凤头燕鸥北方群体的存在应再无争议且对该种繁殖分布态势之拼图板的认知亦初显完整。但诘问依然是:就黑嘴端凤头燕鸥群体总量而言,被人类所知晓的,或者换言之,处在人类监控或掌控之下的,其比例究竟如何?

    Abstract:

    The Chinese Crested Tern, Thalasseus bernsteini, a seabird of eastern Asia, has far been considered a Critically Endangered (CR) species since the very beginning of quantity assessment on the endangerment of birds. Although, in the last decade years or so, only two colonies of the bird had far been reported, that is, the colony in the Taiwan Straits and the colony around the Greater Zhoushan Archipelago, respectively, the authors pointed out, in 2010, that the Northern colony of the bird might currently still “be appearing in the rim of the Yellow Sea”. Then, in 2011, new findings of the bird got revealed in Rizhao of Shandong. Quite recenly, on 7 August 2016, Chinese birders (Zhang Lin and others) found an adult bird with a bird of the year inhabiting on the coast at Rudong of Jiangsu, E China. Next day, August 8, the Korean governmental authorities officially declared that two breeding pairs of the Chinese Crested Tern observed started nesting on an island offshore the SW Korean coast in April and the whole process being well recorded. Then, from August 19 to September 5, people of Qingdao Birdwatching Society (Yu Tao, Wang Hai-bin, and others) constantly saw the bird in Jiaozhou Gulf of E Shandong, and, to be the extreme, two adults with two birds of the year on August 19﹣20 and a small flock of six adult birds on August 30 observed. It hence might be doubtlessness of current existence of the CCT′s northern colony, while, these updated new findings have also brought with them further evidence onto the jigsaw puzzle of the breeding distribution of the bird, making it now appearing relatively more completed and integrated than ever before. At last, we still would like offerring the same question, like once we did in 2010, that is, what a portion of the CCT′s world population that we can say under monitoring, or, simply to say, in our hand or our sight… 80%, 50%, 30%, or even less?

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何芬奇,江航东.2016.黑嘴端凤头燕鸥北方群体初析.动物学杂志,51(6):1139-1141.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-09-13
  • 最后修改日期:2016-09-13
  • 录用日期:2016-11-10
  • 在线发布日期: 2016-11-28
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