To explore the relationship between the development of visual organ, ecological habits and the feeding behaviors of Sebastiscus marmoratus, histological methods were employed to study the developmental characteristics of visual organ in larvae and juvenile fish. The results showed that the differentiation rate of S. marmoratus was faster than that of other species. As an ovoviviparous fish, the retinal nerve cell layer and the original lens were already formed at birth. The 1-day-old larvae of S. marmoratus already had phototaxis. The retina of 1-day-old larvae differentiated into six layers, the lens became fibrosis, and the diameter was about 72 μm. The retina differentiated into ten layers and the sclera appeared to adapt to its feeding behavior at 2-day-old. In this period, the swimming ability was enhanced. The crystalline capsule was formed during 5﹣7 days and its diameter of lens was about 99 μm. Table 1 describes S. marmoratus′ structural characteristics and development speed of the retina, and Fig. 1 shows the development characteristics of visual organ in S. marmoratus 1﹣5 days old larvae. On the 17th day, the corneal structure was differentiated and the choroid was fully developed. Until 37 days, the vision organ was completely developed in the juveniles. Fig. 2 shows microscope observation of the development characteristics of visual organ in S. marmoratus 5﹣26 days old larvae and young fish, and Table 2 reflects the relationship between the retinal formation time and behavior development in different fishes.