To understand the effect of water temperature on fish embryo development is important for its successful artificial rearing and domestication. Temperature has a great influence on the metamorphosis of fish embryos and larvae. Accordingly, the effects of temperature on embryonic development and growth traits of Oxygymnocypris stewartii larvae and juvenile were studied in the laboratory. The fertilized eggs of O. stewartii were randomly and averagely divided and raised at different water temperature groups (5, 8, 11, 14, 17 ℃), respectively. Morphological measurements included total length, long diameter of yolk and short diameter of yolk volume were measured by a stereo microscope with Nikon Image Analysis system (Nikon SMZ1500). We used one-way ANOVA and regression analysis to analyze the data by the SPSS 21 and Excel 2007 software. Accumulated temperature K = the time of a certain development stage × average temperature, hatching rate (%) = number of hatched larvae / number of fertilized eggs × 100%, fertilization rate = number of fertilized eggs / total number of eggs invested × 100%, yolk volume = (4 / 3) π × (long diameter of yolk / 2) × (short diameter of yolk / 2)2, temperature coefficient Q10 = (Incubation time at temperature T0 / Incubation time at temperature Ta)10(Ta - T0). Descriptive statistics was presented as mean ± standard error, and the significance level was set at P < 0.05. The results showed that the hatching time of the embryos was shortened and the development speed was accelerated with the increasing of water temperature. The hatching time of embryo was separately 530.78 h, 366.12 h, 214.22 h, 220.63 h, 153.95 h at different temperatures (5, 8, 11, 14, 17 ℃), the relationship between temperature and incubation time was in a power function style (Fig. 2). The minimum accumulated temperature at 11 ℃ was 2 356.4 h · ℃ (Fig. 4). The relationships between developmental periods and their accumulative time of O. stewartii embryo at different temperatures were all in an exponential function style (Table 2). The hatching rate showed a trend of decreasing firstly and increasing then with the rising of water temperature (Fig. 3). Compared with the Q10, the Q13 was closest to 2 when the temperature was 11﹣17 ℃ (Table 3). Total length of O. stewartii larvae at hatching and temperature did not show a significant cubic function, but the relationship between yolk volume of larvae at hatching and temperature was in a significant quadratic function style (Table 4). The results indicatethat the suitable temperature for early development of O. stewartii embryo is 11﹣17 ℃, and the suitable growth temperature for the larvae and juvenile is 14﹣17 ℃.