The aim of this study is to establish a method for purifying and culturing cerebral microglial cells of tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri), providing new experimental materials for future research. Newborn tree shrews were used in this experiment. The cortex of cerebrum was isolated and disaggregated by trypsin digestion. The microglia cells were purified by three methods after culturing for 9﹣10 days: upright hand clapping, mild digestion with trypsin and constant temperature oscillation. Meanwhile，we also used differential attachment method to further purify cells. At last, the number of purified cells was counted using a cell counter. Purified microglial cells were labeled with specific marker CD11b and observed with fluorescence microscope. The results showed that microglial cells were in a resting state on the third day of isolation and culture, with irregular shapes such as spindle, rod and branch (Fig. 2). Purified microglial cells were positively labeled with specific marker CD11b as revealed by fluorescence microscopy (Fig. 3). Data statistics was performed using SPSS statistical software. Analysis of cellular immunofluorescence intensities and counting of cells purified by different purification methods showed that the cell yield obtained by the upright hand clapping method was significantly higher than that obtained by constant temperature oscillation method, and the positive cell rate was significantly higher than that obtained by mild trypsin digestion method (Fig. 4). Primary microglial cells of tree shrews with high yield and purity were obtained by upright hand clapping.