From April to June 2019, the fixed-point observation method and sample method were used to investigate the nest-site selection of Bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus) in the Yanchi Bay National Nature Reserve of Gansu Province. A total of 332 Bar-headed Goose nests were found, including three types of nest sites: haystack nests, ground nests, and bare rock cliff nests (Fig. 2). All nests were distributed on haystacks in shallow water swamps, on islands in the lake, and on nearby cliffs (Fig. 1). The average densities of the bar-headed geese in the three nest habitats were 0.18 /m2 (n = 204), 0.59 /m2 (n = 108), and 0.06 /m2 (n = 20). Bar-headed Geese favored to choose a nest in a small island in the center of the lake, followed by shallow water swamps and cliffs (Table 1). The average clutch sizes of bar-headed geese in the three nesting habitats were 4.74 ± 2.68 (n = 204), 4.23 ± 1.94 (n = 108) and 3.13 ± 0.64 (n = 20), with the hatching success rates of 48.65% (n = 199), 45.27% (n = 148) and 24.00% (n = 25), and reproduction success rates of 66.67% (n = 42), 74.28% (n = 35) and 36.36% (n = 11) (Table 2). Independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for nest site quadrats and the same number of control quadrats in each camp nest habitat. We found that in shallow water marsh habitats, three indicators of haystack density, haystack cover and water depth exist. Very significant difference (P < 0.01), and there was significant difference in water area (P < 0.05). In the lake core island habitat, there are extremely significant differences in the six indicators of vegetation density, vegetation height, maximum vegetation height, vegetation coverage, bare land ratio, and hay ratio (P < 0.01); in the cliff habitat, the slope direction and distance There are extremely significant differences between the three indicators of grass beach distance and water distance (P < 0.01) (Table 3﹣5). The principal component analysis showed that the main environmental factors affecting the selection of nesting sites for bar-headed geese in shallow marsh habitats were: water source factor, hidden factor, disturbance factor, and food factor; the major environmental factors affecting nest site selection in the core island habitat of Huxin Island were: Hidden factors, food factors, interference factors; the main environmental factors affecting nest site selection in cliff habitats are: terrain factors, food and water sources factors, and interference factors (Table 6﹣8). Studies have shown that the main environmental factors of nest site selection are different in different nest habitats of Bar-headed Geese, which mainly depend on the characteristics of habitats and surrounding environmental factors.