As a harmful environmental factor, air pollution has negative effects on human beings and animals both physically and psychologically. Homing pigeons (Columba livia) are ideal models for studying the pollution effects on birds. In order to explore the impact of air pollution on animals, we used a mixed linear model to analyze the effects of six air pollutants (CO, NO2, O3, PM2.5, PM10, SO2) and environmental factors including temperature, season and weather (Table 1) on homing speed and homing time of 285 homing pigeons, participating 64 games held by Chengdu Homing Pigeon Association during the spring and autumn from 2018 and 2019. Every pigeon participated at least 5 races under three levels of distance. The results showed that the concentrations of PM10, SO2, NO2 and O3 were positively correlated with the homing speed, whereas concentration of CO was negatively correlated with it (Fig. 1). O3 model is the optimal fit model of homing speed, followed by NO2 model (Table 2 and 3). Our study suggests that homing speed of homing pigeons is indeed affected by air pollution, but the underlying mechanisms including homing motivation hypothesis and olfactory navigation enhancement hypothesis need further studies.