The community characteristics of soil ciliates in Vegetables Base of Bali Town in Lanzhou in spring were studied by observation in vivo and fixation-staining from April 2005 to June 2007.Totally 67 species were identified,including 2 unnamed species and 14 new records of soil ciliates in China.34 species were found in Vegetables Base of Bali Town,belonging to 18 genera of 17 families from 7 orders in 3 classes;Hypotrichida,Colpodida and Prostomatida were dominant groups;Woodruffia rostrata,Euplotes affinis,Strongylidium muscorum,Uroleptus piscis and Cyclidium simulans were dominant species in Vegetables Base of Bali Town.49 species were identified in the contrast soils(Lanshan),belonging to 30 genera of 23 families from 9 orders in 3 classes;Hypotrichida,Scuticociliatida,Colpodida and Nassulida were dominant groups;E.muscicola,Gonostomum affine,Tachysoma pellionella and Chilodonella algivora were dominant species in contrast soils.The Gleason-Margalef Species Diversity Index of Vegetables Base of Bali Town and contrast soils were 3.672 and 5.393,respectively;the Jaccard Similarity Index was 0.239 between Vegetables Base of Bali Town and contrast soils.The results suggested that compared of the contrast soils,species diversity in Vegetables Base of Bali Town was lower,and the community structure of soil ciliates was simpler.