In this study,19 physiological and biochemical indices of the blood in Buteo hemilasius and Asio otus were determined by adopting modified Neubauer method,Sahlis colorimetric method,centrifugal method,Wright’s staining method as well as automatic biochemical analyzer.Results showed that the erythrocyte number,hematocrit,erythrocyte hemoglobin distribution width,hemoglobin content,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration,acidophilic granulocyte number,lymphocyte number,white blood cell number and thrombocyte number of B.hemilasius were higher than those of A.otus,while other indices were lower.There was an extremely significant difference in the mean corpuscular volume between B.hemilasius and A.otus(P<0.01).The glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase,total protein,albumin,globulin,glucose,plasma natrium and chlorine,as well as the total cholesterol and triglyceride of the B.hemilasius were higher than those of A.otus,while other indices were lower.Significant difference and extremely significant difference were observed in the content of glutamate-pyruvate transaminase,creatinine,uric acid and glucose between B.hemilasius and A.otus(P<0.01 or P<0.05),but no significant difference was found in the other indices(P>0.05).Although the shapes of blood cells of B.hemilasius were similar to those of A.otus,differences were also observed.The differences in the physiological and biochemical values as well as the sizes of the blood cells can be attributed to their different species,and also to their different living habits,body conditions,nutrition conditions and to some extent to the determination methods.