The full-length BMP15(GenBank:EU743938) gene was cloned in the goat,and its two exons were analyzed using the F-CSGE.The results showed that one single nucleotide was mutated(A-G) at 901 bp,and the mutation made the 32nd amino acid turn from serine to glycine.Mutation was detected using LDR,and its correlation with litter size was analyzed in 3 goat breeds including Jining grey goat,Lubei white goat and Yimeng black goat.The results showed that the mutation did not affect litter size in Jining grey goat,but significantly increased the litter size in Lubei white goat and Yimeng black goat(P<0.05).The GG or AG genotype had 0.34(P<0.01) or 0.31(P<0.01) more kids when compared to that of AA genotype in Lubei white goat; the AG genotype had 0.13(P<0.01) more kids when compared to that of AA genotype in Yimeng black goat.These preliminary results show that the BMP15 gene is either a major gene that influences the reproductivity in Lubei white goat and Yimeng black goat or a molecular marker in close linkage with reproductivity.