Soil macrofauna were sorted by hand.The responses of soil macrofaunal community to water-soil erosion controlling methods (i.e. Pinus tabulaeformis woodland, Populus simonii woodland, Caragana intermedia shrub, Astragalus adsurgens meadow,abandoned and cropland) were investigated with emphasis on their composition,biodiversity and seasonal dynamic in Huangfuchuan Watershed,Inner Mongolia,from May to September,2008.A total of 1 653 soil macrofauna belonging to 1 phyla,3 classes,8 orders and 34 families were collected.The dominant groups were Melolothidae larvae and Formicoidae imago.Compared to farmland,the individual number,group number,and biomass of soil macrofaunal communities in other land use plots increased significantly,and it is most remarkably in Populus simonii woodland.In different land use plots,the status of animal group collocating which reflected by Shannon-Wiener index (H') and Pielou index (J) were not as good as that of in farmland,but the complexity index (C_j) of soil macrofaunal community was higher than that of in farmland.Different soil macrofauna had different response to water-soil erosion controlling methods.Because the individual number of some main groups significantly increased,the construction of soil macrofaunal communities in different land use plots had the trend of simplification.The results suggested that all water-soil erosion controlling methods are benefit to the recovery and conservation of soil macrofaunal community.But it is necessary to predict pest's dynamics in management practices,and enhance the plantation biodiversity in working-out the means of water-soil erosion controlling.