We surveyed bird species, abundance of each species in 10 transects 1.5 km long and 100 m wide in three type desert vegetation (Haloxylon shrub, Reaumuria shrub and Artemisia grassland) and sampled vegetation characteristics associating with birds, such as vegetation components, percent of cover, vegetation height from May to August, 2010 in Fukang, Xinjiang. We used average vegetation height and coverage to reflected vegetation structure, used significantly positively correlated bird assemblage and narrowly distributed bird assemblage found in this study, to reveal the correlation between breeding bird community with the three desert vegetation. Based on DCCA ordination and Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient, we found out (1) the entire bird community responded strongly to vegetation structure;(2) Significantly correlated bird assemblage responded more strongly to vegetation structure than the entire bird communities;(3)Narrowly distributed bird assemblage responded strongly to vegetation component. Our results supported the opinion that the bird community/vegetation correlation pattern was ascribe to the scale effect. Based on the results we presumed in desert narrowly distributed birds respond to vegetation component more strongly than to vegetation structure, especially to average number of herb species; widely distributed birds respond to vegetation structure more strongly. The ratio of the widely distributed birds to narrow distributed birds might decide the bird community responding to vegetation.