Food composition and behavior of Tragopan caboti were studied with methods of field observation and captive observation simulated natural environment from May, 2004 to June, 2012 in Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve. 78 species (categories) were recorded for food intake by T. caboti during the study period. Among of these foods, 74 species belong to higher plants in 39 families and 65 genera, 4 species belong to Agaricales Tricholomataceae, Hymenoptera Formicidae, Araneae Araneidae and Odonata respectively. Research results show that T. caboti is phytophagous and trophic broad with strong ability of ingestion learning and environment suitability. But the feeding habits of T. caboti are significant different in different environment condition.