We conducted a field survey on the estimated the population size and distribution of Rhacophorus yinggelingensis by using the quadrate method and line intercept method in Hainan Yinggeling Nature Reserve from Jul. 2010 to Jan. 2012, This species live in a specific environment and inhabit at few temporary ponds in very narrow areas at 1 200 m above sea level, and the population quantity is estimated only 2 972±831. Therefore, we recommend to strengthen the protection for this species by upgrade its protection rank.