The survey on avifauna and community of birds were carried out with the method of line transect and fixed-radius point count methods, during April 2011 to March 2012. We conducted bird surveys each month in 35 line transects and 5 fixed-radius points in North Aershan, Inner Mongolia. Each line is 1000 m long and 100 m wide, while each point’s radius is 300 m. A total of 102 species belonging to 13 orders and 32 families were counted. Sixty are summer visitors and 31 are residents that represented 58.82% and 30.39% of whole species;6 are passage migrants and 5 are winter visitors that represented 5.88% and 4.91% of whole species, respectively. Breeding birds make of the majority of the local avifauna, and summer visitors dominate the breeding birds. Fifteem birds are listed as grade Ⅱ national protected species. Avifauna of Aershan City have some mixed characteristics betweem the northeast and Mongolia-Xinjiang region and between the south part and the north part of Daxing’anling. The species composition of bird showed an obviously seasonally difference, bird species peaks in spring and autumn, reduced in summer and winter with stationary phase. The bird Diversity index were different in different habitat in order: Woodland>Grassland>Wetland>Mountain>Farmland>Residential area. With the intensification of human activities, the bird diversity is significantly lower in the human regular activities habitat and the near-by town habitat. The survey results revealed that impact of urbanization is starting to show a significantly influence of human activities on the avifauna.