西藏墨脱发现大蹄蝠
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1.广东省科学院动物研究所,广东省动物保护与资源利用重点实验室 广州 510260;2.广州大学 广州 510006;3.国家林业和草原局中南调查规划院 长沙 410014

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广东省科技计划项目(No. 2021B1212050021),国家科技基础资源调查专项项目课题(No. 2021FY100303);


Hipposideros armiger Found in Medog, Xizang, China
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1.Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260;2.Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006; 3.Central South Academy of Inventory and Planning of National Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Changsha 410014, China

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    摘要:

    本研究组于2016年8月在西藏自治区墨脱县达木乡贡日村及背崩乡背崩村使用手抄网及雾网分别采集到一批蝙蝠,其中8只蝙蝠(2♂、6♀)体型较大,马蹄形鼻叶特征明显,保留1只雌性标本(标本号162427),结合传统形态和分子系统发育方法对其进行物种鉴定。该标本体型大,头体长为78.7 mm,前臂长为92.5 mm,毛长而细密,通体呈深棕色,毛基部淡棕白,逐渐过渡到棕褐色;腹毛色调浅,毛基部灰色,毛尖过渡到灰白色。后足长(17.2 mm)不及胫骨长(39.8 mm)的一半;前鼻叶中间无缺刻,两侧各有4片小附叶;耳大而尖,其后缘内凹。脑颅较平,颅全长31.9 mm,颅高13.3 mm,头骨吻突自前至后明显升高,与矢状脊相接;颧弓宽,有高隆的颧弓板。以上特征与大蹄蝠(Hipposideros armiger)的外形及头骨特征相符。头体长、耳长及尾长的数据略小于中国云南、四川以及越南的标本,但头骨数据基本相近。同时,基于Cyt bCOI基因序列的系统发育分析表明,此次捕获的蹄蝠标本与大蹄蝠聚类在一起。结合形态与分子数据,确定该物种为大蹄蝠,为西藏自治区翼手目分布新记录种。标本保存于广东省科学院动物研究所。

    Abstract:

    In August 2016,eight individuals of bats were captured in Gongri Village, Damu Township and Beibeng Village, Beibeng Township in Medog County, Xizang Autonomous Region, China. Only one female individual was retained as a specimen and brought back to the laboratory (162427, ). The morphological and skull features of the specimen were measured using electronic digital calipers. Based on the cytochrome b (Cyt b) and cytochrome c Oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene sequences, the phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using maximum likelihood method in MEGA 7.0. The main diagnosis characteristics of the specimen are as follows. The specimen is large, with head body length of 78.7 mm and forearm length of 92.5 mm. The hairs are long and fine, the whole body is dark brown, the hair base is light brown and white, and gradually transitions to brown. The belly hair color is light, the hair base is gray, and the hair tip transition to grayish white. The hind-foot length is 17.2 mm, less than half of the tibia length (39.8 mm). There is no notch in the middle of the anterior nasal lobe and 4 small accessory leaves on both sides (Fig. 1b). The ears are large and sharp, with a sunken back edge. The skull is relatively flat, with a maximum length of 31.9 mm and a brain-case height of 13.3 mm. The rostral process of the skull was significantly increased from front to back, connected with the sagittal spine. The zygomatic arch is wide and the zygomatic arch plate is high. It is consistent with the shape and skull characteristics of the Hipposiderosarmiger. The data of head length, ear length and tail length are slightly smaller than those of Yunnan, Sichuan, China and Vietnam, but the skull data are similar (Table 1). Phylogenetic analysis based on Cyt b and COI gene sequences showed that the captured bat was well clustered with H.armiger (Fig. 2). Combining morphological and molecular data, the bat was identified as H.armiger, a new record for Xizang Autonomous Region, China. The specimen was kept in the Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science.

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黄泽双,何向阳,彭兴文,邓瑾,陈创杰,刘佩莹,张礼标.2024.西藏墨脱发现大蹄蝠.动物学杂志,59(5):781-788.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-03
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-10-23
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