[Objectives] The varying degrees of interactions between species are central to community structure and dynamics. As a significant interspecific relationship, predation and environmental factors are important elements determining the spatial distribution of predators and prey. It is important to clarify the spatial-temporal relationship between predator and prey for the maintenance of biodiversity as the two most critical dimensions of the niche axis. Galliformes are one of the food components of Yellow-throated Marten (Martes flavigula). Blood Pheasant (Ithaginis cruentus) and Yellow-throated Marten are common sympatric species in southwest montane forest ecosystem, and they overlap in spatial distribution. However, the spatial and temporal coexistence mechanism between them are nevertheless unclear. [Methods] From August 2018 to October 2020, we set up 61 infrared cameras located in Liziping National Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province (Fig. 1), and undertook a study on two relatively common species in southwest China——Blood Pheasant and its predator Yellow-throated Marten through infrared camera photographs. The lowest elevation of the site was 1 850 m and the highest was 4 199 m. The latitude and longitude, altitude, habitat types, distance to the nearest river and other information of each site were recorded. We recovered camera data every three months, then sorted out the data, identified species, and recorded the time information of photos. Based on the Kernel density estimation, we analyzed the temporal relationship of Blood Pheasant and Yellow-throated Marten, and plotted the daily activity rhythm curves. All the analyses were conducted in R, v.4.1.2 (package overlap). Select the infrared camera data from May to August in 2019 and 2020, and repeat the survey every 15 days to establish the detection history matrix of Blood Pheasant and Yellow-throated Marten at each survey site. Four environmental factors were selected as the sample covariates (Table 1). Then, we analyzed the spatial relationship between them by using the occupancy model (program PRESENCE, v.2.13.17). Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the occupancy of Blood Pheasant in the presence and absence of Yellow-throated Marten. [Results] With 13 790 accumulated camera-days, we obtained 2 373 independent valid photos of wild animals, which included 98 Yellow-throated Marten and 156 Blood Pheasant. Daily activity rhythm curves were plotted for Blood Pheasant (n = 156) and Yellow-throated Marten (n = 98). The curves of Blood Pheasant showed an obvious bimodal pattern with two activity peaks in one day: 9:00 and 18:00, while the activity peak of Yellow-throated Marten was at 15:00 (Fig. 2). In addition, the Yellow-throated Marten has a small amount of activity records at night. The curves also showed an overlap in daily activities between the two species (Δ4 = 0.78) (Fig. 2). The result of simple single-season model analysis revealed that the spatial distribution of the two species was affected by environmental factors: altitude and distance to the nearest river were the most important factors to probability of use sites of Blood Pheasant, and the area occupied by Yellow-throated Marten was mainly affected by slope (Table 3). The two-species single season model was used to evaluate the spatial distribution of the two species and the results showed that: (1) Under the mediation of altitude factor, the probability of using site of Blood Pheasant while Yellow-throated Marten presence was significantly lower than that in the absence of Yellow-throated Marten (Wilcoxon rank sum test, P < 0.01), (2) With the increase of altitude, the spatial relationship between Blood Pheasant and Yellow-throated Martens showed a trend from separation (species interaction factor value is less than 1) to coincidence (species interaction factor value is greater than 1) (Fig. 3). [Conclusion] In Liziping National Nature Reserve, the spatial predation relationship of Blood Pheasant and Yellow-throated Marten was different due to the influence of altitude factors, and there were some differentiations in time utilization, which increased the chance of co-existence between predator and prey. Meanwhile, it also showed overlap in the temporal and spatial niches. Our results confirm that Galliformes account for only a small part of the total intake of Yellow-throated Marten. This paper reveals the characteristics of incomplete differentiation in the temporal and spatial niches, providing an example and fundamental information for further understanding the spatial and temporal relationship between predator-prey in montane forest ecosystem.